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Ap Psych Vocab > Unit 12- Disorders > Flashcards

Unit 12- Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

psychological disorder

A

disturbance in cognition, emotion, behavior, and regulation

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2
Q

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

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3
Q

medical model

A

psychological disorders can be diagnosed/treated/cured, came out after pinel’s new approach

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4
Q

DSM-5

A

system for classifying psychological disorders

problems w/ the DSM:
- call too many people disordered
- labels may stigmatize/discriminate others

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5
Q

anxiety disorders

A

distressing, persistent anxiety, behavior to reduce anxiety
- Freud believes anxiety disorders are repressed impulses (especially from childhood)
- serotonin imbalance

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6
Q

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

continually tense/apprehensive and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

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7
Q

panic disorder

A

anxiety disorder, episodes of intense dread and frightening situations (feels like you are dying)

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8
Q

phobia

A

anxiety disorder, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object/activity/situation

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9
Q

social anxiety disorder

A

intense fear of social situations

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10
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of situation one has felt loss of control or panic in

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11
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

anxiety disorder, unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions)
- PET scan of the brain shows high metabolic activity in frontal lobe areas involved w directing attention

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12
Q

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

anxiety disorder, haunting memories, nightmares, anxiety, social withdrawal, hypervigilance etc after a traumatic experience

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13
Q

post-traumatic growth

A

positive psychological changes from struggling with challenging circumstance and life crises

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14
Q

mood disorders

A

emotional extremes

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15
Q

major depressive disorder

A

mood disorder, depressed mood and loss of interest and pleasure, brain activity decreased, smaller frontal lobes, reduced serotonin

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16
Q

mania

A

hyperactive, wildly optimistic state, brain activity increased

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17
Q

bipolar disorder

A

mood disorder, person alternates between depression and mania, fewer brain axons

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18
Q

rumination

A

compulsive fretting; overthinking about out problems and causes

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19
Q

schizophrenia

A

delusions/hallucinations/disorganized speech, too many dopamine receptors, poor coordination in frontal lobes, thalamus fires during hallucinations as if sensations real
-if one twin has schizophrenia, the other, especially if identical, has a greater chance of also having it

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20
Q

psychosis

A

person loses contact with reality, irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

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21
Q

delusions

A

false beliefs

22
Q

hallucination

A

false sensory experiences

23
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

symptoms take somatic form without physical cause

24
Q

conversion disorder

A

physical symptoms exist with no psychological basis

25
Q

illness anxiety disorder

A

person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease

26
Q

dissociative disorders

A

conscious awareness separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

27
Q

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

A

person has two or more alternating personalities (used to be called multiple personality disorder)

28
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

person has a starving diet despite being underweight

29
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

person alternates binge eating with purging, excessive exercise, and fasting

30
Q

binge eating disorder

A

binge eating followed by guilt and disgust

31
Q

personality disorders

A

inflexible/enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

32
Q

antisocial personality disorder

A

exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing

33
Q

pinel’s new approach

A

back in the day, disorders were thought to be from evil spirits, so it led to cruel treatment to “cure” people. pinel sought to reform brutal treatment, by proposing that disorders weren’t from demonic possession but rather from environmental factors.

34
Q

culture-bound syndromes

A

disorders that only exist within certain cultures

35
Q

social phobia

A

intense fear of being watched and judged by others

36
Q

hypervigilance

A

persistently watching out for danger, accompanies anxiety in PTSD

37
Q

seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

A

mood disorder, recurring
seasonal pattern of depression, usually during winter’s short, dark, cold days.

38
Q

positive symptoms

A

presence of problematic behaviors

39
Q

negative symptoms

A

absence of healthy behaviors

40
Q

flat effect

A

no emotion showing in the face/body

41
Q

catatonic

A

rarely initiating or controlling
movement; copies others’ speech and actions, type of schizophrenia

42
Q

three categories of personality disorders

A
  • anxious: avoidant (fear of social rejection)
  • eccentric/odd: schizoid, flat affect, no social attachments
  • dramatic: histrionic, attention-seeking, narcissistic, self-centered, antisocial, amoral
43
Q

paranoid personality disorder

A

suspicious, argumentative, paranoid, continually on the lookout for trickery and abuse, jealous, tendency to blame others, cold and humorless; hold grudges

44
Q

schizoid personality disorder

A

has few friends other than 1st-degree relatives - a “loner”; indifferent to praise and criticism of others; unable to form close relationships; takes pleasure in few if any, activities; shows emotional coldness, detachment,
or flattened affect

45
Q

schizotypal personality disorder

A

also aloof and indifferent like the schizoid; magical thinking; superstitious beliefs; uses unusual
words and has peculiar ideas; a very mild form of schizophrenia

46
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

grandiose; crave admiration of others; extremely self-centered; feel they are privileged and special; expects favors from others; emotions are not erratic

47
Q

histrionic personality disorder

A

overly dramatic; attention seekers; easily angered; seductive; dependent on others; vain, shallow, and manipulative; displays intense, but often false emotions

48
Q

borderline personality disorder

A

very unstable relationships; erratic emotions; self- damaging behavior; impulsive; unpredictable
aggressive and sexual behavior; monophobia; easily angered

49
Q

dependent personality disorder

A

see relationships with significant others as necessary for survival; subordinate their needs to those of
others; terrified of being alone; relationship-hoppers; lack self-confidence; need approval for everything

50
Q

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

A

perfectionists; preoccupied with details, rules, schedules; rigid and stubborn; more concerned about work than pleasure; serious and formal; cannot express tender feelings

Ap Psych Vocab (14 decks)

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