Unit 8A

Question 0

Nurture/environment, learned motives

Answer 0

Social motives

Question 1

Nature/ biology, unlearned motives

Answer 1

Primary motive

Question 2

Need or desire that energizes behavior and directs it towards a goal

Answer 2

Motivation

Question 3

Complex behavior that is a fixed pattern and is unlearned

Answer 3

Instinct

Question 4

A physiological need creates a drive that motivates an organism to fulfill that need

Answer 4

Drive reduction theory

Question 5

Maintaining a constant or balanced internal state

Answer 5

Homeostasis

Question 6

Positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Answer 6

Incentive

Question 7

Must satisfy needs before going to safety and psychological needs

Answer 7

Hierarchy of needs

Question 8

Proposed the hierarchy of needs

Answer 8

Abraham Maslow

Question 9

Behaviors that increase excitement; curiosity driven

Answer 9

Arousal theory

Question 10

Starts eating

Answer 10

Lateral hypothalamus

Question 11

Stops eating

Answer 11

Ventromedial hypothalamus

Question 12

Form of sugar that circulates blood and provide the major source of energy to body tissues

Answer 12

Glucose

Question 13

An individual’s “weight thermostat” is set.

Answer 13

Set point

Question 14

Body’s resting rate of energy expidenture

Answer 14

Basal metabolic rate

Question 15

Discuss psychological, cultural, and situational influences on hunger and eating

Answer 15

Our mood, remembering of when we last ate, genetics, and culture controls how hungry or how much we eat

Question 16

A person who diets then becomes significantly underweight, yet still feeling fat and continues to starve

Answer 16

Anorexia nervosa

Question 17

Overeating high calorie foods, then follows with vomiting, laxative use, or excessive exercise

Answer 17

Bulimia nervosa

Question 18

What are some hormones that arouses our eating?

Answer 18

Orexin, insulin, ghrelin

Question 19

What hormones are suppressors?

Answer 19

PYY, leptin, obestatin

Question 20

4 states of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson

Answer 20

Sexual response cycle

Question 21

What are the four phases of the sexual response cycle?

Answer 21

Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Question 23

Resting period after orgasm, where a man cannot achieve another orgasm

Answer 23

Refractory period

Question 23

Did research on sexual motivation

Answer 23

Alfred Kinsey

Question 24

Discuss the impact of external stimuli and fantasies on sexual motivation and behavior

Answer 24

Women and men become a roused when they see, hear, or read erotic material

Question 25

What are some healthy and unhealthy consequences of our need to belong

Answer 25

Helps us to survive, boosts our mood and self esteem

Question 26

What are some factors that influence adolescent sexual behavior?

Answer 26

Lack of knowledge, alcohol use, media

Question 27

What are some biological influences on sexual orientation?

Answer 27

There are some same sex animal couples, straight-gay differences in body and brain characteristics, and a critical period during prenatal development during which exposure to certain hormones affects orientation