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AP Psychology > Unit 3A > Flashcards

Unit 3A Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain why psychologists are concerned with human biology

A

Can help with learning psychological events such as sleeping, dreaming, depression, sex. Biological activity is linked with psychological events

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2
Q

Branch of psychology dealing with how biology is linked with behavior

A

Biological psychology

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3
Q

How are impulses generated?

A

Sodium ions flow into the membrane which depolarizes the section and so on. This keeps happening until the impulse travels down the axon

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4
Q

Carry info from sensory receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory neurons

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5
Q

Carry outgoing info from the CNS to muscles and glands

A

Motor neurons

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6
Q

Are sensory neurons afferent or efferent?

A

Afferent

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7
Q

Are motor neurons afferent or efferent?

A

Efferent

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8
Q

Neurons in the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between sensory inputs and motor outputs

A

Interneuron

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9
Q

Receives messages and conducts impulses towards the cell body

A

Dendrite

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10
Q

Messages are passed down to other neurons, muscles, glands

A

Axon

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11
Q

The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin.

A

Refractory period

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12
Q

A brief change in a neuron’s electrical charge.

A

Action potential

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13
Q

Speeds up the time a message passes through the axon

A

Myelin

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14
Q

Level of stimulation to trigger a neural impulse

A

Threshold

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15
Q

Triggers a neural impulse to go

A

Excitatory

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16
Q

Triggers a neural impulse to stop

A

Inhibitory

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17
Q

How do nerve cells communicate?

A

Neurotransmitters are released at the axon terminal; the neurotransmitters then go on to the next neuron and absorbs the excess neurotransmitters

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18
Q

Junction between axon terminal and the next dendrite or cell body of the next neuron

A

Synapse

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19
Q

Chemical messengers that determine whether or not it’ll generate an impulse

A

Neurotransmitters

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20
Q

A process in which neurotransmitters are sponged up from the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic membrane.

A

Reuptake

21
Q

How do neurotransmitters influence behavior?

A

There are different pathways neurotransmitters can go to affect emotions and behavior

22
Q

How do drugs and chemicals affect neurotransmitters?

A

Drugs could prevent the brain from producing opiates. Can also slow down or block neurotransmitters

23
Q

Enables muscle action, learning, memory

A

Acetylcholine

24
Q

Natural neurotransmitter linked to pleasure and pain control

A

Endorphins

25
Q

Similar to neurotransmitters and mimics its effects

A

Agonists

26
Q

What chemical is linked to Alzheimer’s?

A

Acetylcholine

27
Q

What chemical is linked to Parkinson’s and schizophrenia?

A

Endorphins

28
Q

Enters information

A

Afferent

29
Q

Receives information

A

Efferent

30
Q

Influences movement, learning, attention, emotion

A

Dopamine

31
Q

Blocks a neurotransmitter from functioning

A

Antagonists

32
Q

Electrochemical communication throughout the body

A

Nervous system

33
Q

Made up of the brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

34
Q

Made up of sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the body

A

PNS

35
Q

Bundled axons that connect CNS to muscles, glands, sense organs

A

Nerves

36
Q

Controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

A

Somatic

37
Q

Self regulated action of internal organs and glands

A

Autonomic

38
Q

Calms body and conserves energy

A

Parasympathetic

39
Q

Mobilizes energy in stressful situations

A

Sympathetic

40
Q

Automatic response to sensory stimulus

A

Reflex

41
Q

Controls the hormones released in the body

A

Endocrine

42
Q

Alertness and arousal

A

Norepinephrine

43
Q

Mood, regulation of sleep and wakefullness

A

Serotonin

44
Q

Slows

A

Gaba

45
Q

Produced by the pineal gland; helps people to sleep

A

Melatonin

46
Q

Chemical messengers that are made by endocrine glands and travel through the bloodstream affecting tissues

A

Hormones

47
Q

Secretes epinephrine that arouse the body in times of stress

A

Adrenal glands

48
Q

Influenced by the hypothalamus; regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

A

Pituitary gland

AP Psychology (19 decks)

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