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AP Psychology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

How does the 90 minute sleep cycle go?

A

1,2,3,4,3,2, REM

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2
Q

Awareness of ourselves and the environment

A

Consciousness

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3
Q

What can disrupt our biological clock?

A

Artificial light

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4
Q

What resets our circadian clock?

A

Bright light

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5
Q

Regular bodily rhythms such as temperature and wakefulness that occurs on a 24 hour cycle

A

Circadian Rhythm

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6
Q

The alpha waves are slow

A

Awake/relaxed

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7
Q

May experience brief images or hallucinations, you may also feel like you’re falling

A

Stage 1

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8
Q

How long does stage 1 last?

A

1-7 minutes

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9
Q

There may be sleep spindles, heart rate, temperature and respiration declines

A

Stage 2

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10
Q

Rapid rhythmic brainwave activity

A

Sleep spindles

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11
Q

Brain emits slow delta waves

A

Stage 3

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12
Q

Deep sleep. Some young kids may wet the bed. Growth hormone is released

A

Stage 4

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13
Q

Brainwaves become rapid and saw toothed. Your eyes move rapidly and your muscles relax; when dreaming occurs

A

REM

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14
Q

Stages 1-3

A

nREM

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15
Q

Muscles are relaxed but brain is active

A

Paradoxical sleep

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16
Q

Prevents wasting energy and exposing self to danger

A

Adaptive Protective Theory

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17
Q

Slow brain waves of a relaxed awake state

A

Alpha waves

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18
Q

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness

A

Sleep

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19
Q

False sensory experiences, such as as seeing something without an external stimulus

A

Hallucinations

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20
Q

Large slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

A

Delta waves

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21
Q

Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except REM sleep

A

NREM

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22
Q

What are the good effects of sleep?

A

Increases memory, concentration, boosts mood, moderates hunger, fortifies immune system

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23
Q

Having difficulty staying or falling asleep

A

Insomnia

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24
Q

Uncontrollable sleep attacks

A

Narcolepsy

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25
Temporarily not breathing while sleeping; decreased blood oxygen
Sleep apnea
26
Reliving childhood experiences
Age regression
27
What are the 5 major perspectives on why we dream?
Satisfy our own wishes, file away memories, develop and preserve neural pathways, Make sense of a neural static, reflect cognitive development
28
Sequence of images, thoughts, emotions, passing through a sleeping person's mind
Dream
29
The remembered storyline of a dream
Manifest content
30
Underlying meaning of a dream
Latent content
31
REM sleep to increase from deprivated REM sleep
REM rebound
32
Neural activity is random and dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of it
Activation synthesis
33
Believed that dreams had a meaning
Sigmund Freud
34
Who is susceptible to hypnosis?
People who are easily absorbed in imaginative events and can turn their attention inwards
35
One person suggests to another that certain perceptions, thoughts, feelings, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
Hypnosis
36
Suggesting made during a hypnosis session to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; helps to control undesired behaviors and symptoms
Posthypnotic suggestion
37
Hypnosis has caused a split in awareness
Divided Consciousness theory
38
Subject is so caught up in hypnotized role that they ignore the odor
Social influence theory
39
What are the 3 psychoactive drugs?
Stimulants, Depressants, hallucinogens
40
Split in consciousness to help thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously
Dissociation
41
Believed that hypnosis involves influence and dissociation
Ernest Hilgard
42
What are the 3 misconceptions about addiction?
Addictive drugs quickly corrupt, addictions cant be overcome voluntarily, We can extend the concept of addiction to repetitive, pleasure seeking behaviors
43
Chemicals that affect perceptions and moods through their actions at neural synapses
Psychoactive drug
44
Diminishing effect of a drug, requiring the user to take large doses in before experiencing the effect
Tolerance
45
Discomfort and distress from not using an addictive drug
Withdrawl
46
Physiological need for a drug; unpleasant symptoms may happen when the drug's discontinued
Physical dependence
47
Psychological need to use a drug
Psychological dependence
48
Compulsive craving for a substance despite their consequences and physical symptoms following withdrawl
Addiction
49
Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Depressants
50
Drugs that depress the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety but impairs memory and judgement
Barbituates
51
Depress neural activity, temporarily lessens pain and anxiety
Opiates
52
Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Stimulants
53
Stimulate neural activity, causing speedup of body functions and associated with energy and mood change
Amphetamines
54
Stimulates the CNS, speeds up body functions and associated with energy and mood changes; reduces baseline dopamine leves
Methamphetamines
55
Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer term harm to serotonin producing neurons, mood cognition
Ecstasy
56
Distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
Hallucinogens
57
Powerful hallucinogenic drug; may have a "near death experience"
LSD
58
Major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers mild hallucinations
THC
59
Altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death
Near death experience
60
Heredity can influence some alcohol and drug abuse
Biological
61
Some who may have lower self esteem may be more susceptible to use drugs
Psychological
62
People may help influence others to use drugs rather than them because they're trying to cope with a problem
Social-cultural
63
Sleep waves found during REM resemble stage ____
1
64
Name 4 different kinds of depressants
barbiturates, opiates, alcohol, heroin
65
Name 5 types of stimulants
Amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, nicotine
66
Name 2 types of hallucinogens
LSD, marijuana

AP Psychology (19 decks)

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