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AP Psychology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

How does the 90 minute sleep cycle go?

A

1,2,3,4,3,2, REM

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2
Q

Awareness of ourselves and the environment

A

Consciousness

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3
Q

What can disrupt our biological clock?

A

Artificial light

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4
Q

What resets our circadian clock?

A

Bright light

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5
Q

Regular bodily rhythms such as temperature and wakefulness that occurs on a 24 hour cycle

A

Circadian Rhythm

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6
Q

The alpha waves are slow

A

Awake/relaxed

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7
Q

May experience brief images or hallucinations, you may also feel like you’re falling

A

Stage 1

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8
Q

How long does stage 1 last?

A

1-7 minutes

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9
Q

There may be sleep spindles, heart rate, temperature and respiration declines

A

Stage 2

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10
Q

Rapid rhythmic brainwave activity

A

Sleep spindles

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11
Q

Brain emits slow delta waves

A

Stage 3

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12
Q

Deep sleep. Some young kids may wet the bed. Growth hormone is released

A

Stage 4

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13
Q

Brainwaves become rapid and saw toothed. Your eyes move rapidly and your muscles relax; when dreaming occurs

A

REM

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14
Q

Stages 1-3

A

nREM

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15
Q

Muscles are relaxed but brain is active

A

Paradoxical sleep

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16
Q

Prevents wasting energy and exposing self to danger

A

Adaptive Protective Theory

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17
Q

Slow brain waves of a relaxed awake state

A

Alpha waves

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18
Q

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness

A

Sleep

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19
Q

False sensory experiences, such as as seeing something without an external stimulus

A

Hallucinations

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20
Q

Large slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

A

Delta waves

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21
Q

Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except REM sleep

A

NREM

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22
Q

What are the good effects of sleep?

A

Increases memory, concentration, boosts mood, moderates hunger, fortifies immune system

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23
Q

Having difficulty staying or falling asleep

A

Insomnia

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24
Q

Uncontrollable sleep attacks

A

Narcolepsy

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25
Q

Temporarily not breathing while sleeping; decreased blood oxygen

A

Sleep apnea

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26
Q

Reliving childhood experiences

A

Age regression

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27
Q

What are the 5 major perspectives on why we dream?

A

Satisfy our own wishes, file away memories, develop and preserve neural pathways, Make sense of a neural static, reflect cognitive development

28
Q

Sequence of images, thoughts, emotions, passing through a sleeping person’s mind

A

Dream

29
Q

The remembered storyline of a dream

A

Manifest content

30
Q

Underlying meaning of a dream

A

Latent content

31
Q

REM sleep to increase from deprivated REM sleep

A

REM rebound

32
Q

Neural activity is random and dreams are the brain’s attempt to make sense of it

A

Activation synthesis

33
Q

Believed that dreams had a meaning

A

Sigmund Freud

34
Q

Who is susceptible to hypnosis?

A

People who are easily absorbed in imaginative events and can turn their attention inwards

35
Q

One person suggests to another that certain perceptions, thoughts, feelings, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

A

Hypnosis

36
Q

Suggesting made during a hypnosis session to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; helps to control undesired behaviors and symptoms

A

Posthypnotic suggestion

37
Q

Hypnosis has caused a split in awareness

A

Divided Consciousness theory

38
Q

Subject is so caught up in hypnotized role that they ignore the odor

A

Social influence theory

39
Q

What are the 3 psychoactive drugs?

A

Stimulants, Depressants, hallucinogens

40
Q

Split in consciousness to help thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously

A

Dissociation

41
Q

Believed that hypnosis involves influence and dissociation

A

Ernest Hilgard

42
Q

What are the 3 misconceptions about addiction?

A

Addictive drugs quickly corrupt, addictions cant be overcome voluntarily, We can extend the concept of addiction to repetitive, pleasure seeking behaviors

43
Q

Chemicals that affect perceptions and moods through their actions at neural synapses

A

Psychoactive drug

44
Q

Diminishing effect of a drug, requiring the user to take large doses in before experiencing the effect

A

Tolerance

45
Q

Discomfort and distress from not using an addictive drug

A

Withdrawl

46
Q

Physiological need for a drug; unpleasant symptoms may happen when the drug’s discontinued

A

Physical dependence

47
Q

Psychological need to use a drug

A

Psychological dependence

48
Q

Compulsive craving for a substance despite their consequences and physical symptoms following withdrawl

A

Addiction

49
Q

Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

A

Depressants

50
Q

Drugs that depress the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety but impairs memory and judgement

A

Barbituates

51
Q

Depress neural activity, temporarily lessens pain and anxiety

A

Opiates

52
Q

Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

A

Stimulants

53
Q

Stimulate neural activity, causing speedup of body functions and associated with energy and mood change

A

Amphetamines

54
Q

Stimulates the CNS, speeds up body functions and associated with energy and mood changes; reduces baseline dopamine leves

A

Methamphetamines

55
Q

Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer term harm to serotonin producing neurons, mood cognition

A

Ecstasy

56
Q

Distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

A

Hallucinogens

57
Q

Powerful hallucinogenic drug; may have a “near death experience”

A

LSD

58
Q

Major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers mild hallucinations

A

THC

59
Q

Altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death

A

Near death experience

60
Q

Heredity can influence some alcohol and drug abuse

A

Biological

61
Q

Some who may have lower self esteem may be more susceptible to use drugs

A

Psychological

62
Q

People may help influence others to use drugs rather than them because they’re trying to cope with a problem

A

Social-cultural

63
Q

Sleep waves found during REM resemble stage ____

A

1

64
Q

Name 4 different kinds of depressants

A

barbiturates, opiates, alcohol, heroin

65
Q

Name 5 types of stimulants

A

Amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, nicotine

66
Q

Name 2 types of hallucinogens

A

LSD, marijuana

AP Psychology (19 decks)

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