*Unit 7 Part 2: Macroevolution

Question 1

A _____ is a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring.

Answer 1

species

Question 2

Fertile

Answer 2

Can reproduce

Question 3

Speciation

Answer 3

The formation of new species

Question 4

Reproductive isolation

Answer 4

When members of populations stop interbreeding

Question 5

Over time, populations change independently of each other until…

Answer 5

they are different species.

Question 6

Allopatric speciation

Answer 6

Populations become geographically isolated by a physical barrier

Question 7

List examples of allopatric speciation.

Answer 7

~A new road is built, splitting a forest
~A river divides the land
~New mountains emerge

Question 8

Sympatric speciation

Answer 8

Populations become behaviorally isolated and no longer mate

Question 9

List examples of sympatric speciation.

Answer 9

~Different mating behaviors
~Active times (nocturnal)
~Chromosomes

Question 10

Gradualism

Answer 10

Evolution occurs in small, gradual steps over time

Question 11

Punctuated equlibrum

Answer 11

Evolution occurs in bursts of speciations followed by long periods of time unchanged

Question 12

Divergent evolution

Answer 12

1 species seperates into 2 species

Question 13

Adaptive radiation

Answer 13

Many species evolve from 1 common ancestor

Question 14

Convergent evolution

Answer 14

2 distantly related/unrelated species evolve similar traits creating analogous structures

Question 15

Co-evolution

Answer 15

~Species strongly affecting each other’s evolution
~Likely to happen when different species have close ecological interactions with one another