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Honors Biology > *Unit 3 Part 7: Cell Division > Flashcards

*Unit 3 Part 7: Cell Division Flashcards

Cells, Cell Transport, & Mitosis

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1
Q

All living cells come from __________ cells.

A

Preexisting

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2
Q

New cells are made by ___________________.

A

Cell Division

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3
Q

What is the definition of the cell cycle?

A

The repeating process of growth, development, and reproduction that a typical cell goes through.

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4
Q

What happens in Interphase?

A
  1. Cell growth and development
  2. DNA is copied
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5
Q

What happens in Mitosis?

A
  1. Nuleus divides
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6
Q

What are the 4 stages of Mitosis in order?

A
  1. Prophase
  2. Metaphase
  3. Anaphase
  4. Telophase
    pmat
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7
Q

What happens during Cytokinesis?

A

The cytoplam divides

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8
Q

What happens during G 0 phase?

A

The cell no longer goes through cell division

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9
Q

Where do cells spend most of their time?

A

Interphase

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10
Q

What are the stages of Interphase in order?

A

G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase

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11
Q

What happens during G1 phase?

A

Normal routine cell growth

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12
Q

What happens during S phase?

A

DNA is copied
(S stands for SYNTHESIS)

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13
Q

What happens during G2 phase?

A

Preparation to divide

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14
Q

What is a checkpoint?

A

The points where the cell cycle is paused

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15
Q

When do we want cells to divide?

A

When there is a need for growth and repair

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16
Q

What is cancer?

A

The uncontrolled growth of cells

17
Q

Why does cancer occur?

A

Cancer occurs because of mutations in genes that cause cells to continually divide.

18
Q

What is a mutagen?

A

something that causes mutations

19
Q

What is a carcinogen?

A

something that causes mutations that lead to cancer

20
Q

What are examples of carcinogens?

A

Ionising Radiation, Smoking, UV Pollution. Air Pollution, Alcoholic Drinks

21
Q

What is DNA?

A

molecules that carry genetic information

22
Q

What is a gene?

A

a segment of DNA that codes for one trait

23
Q

About how many genes do humans have?

A

25,000 genes

24
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

genes that are packaged in bundles

25
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46 chromosomes

26
Q

When are chromosomes copied?

Before or After the cell divides?

A

before the cell divides

27
Q

Why are chromosomes copied before the cell divides?

A

so that the amount of genetic material stays the same

28
Q

What do centrioles do?

A

anchor spindle fibers

29
Q

What do spindle fibers do?

A

pull chromosomes to ends of cells

30
Q

What is a sister chromatid?

A

identical copies of chromosomes held together at the centromere

Honors Biology (42 decks)

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