*Unit 6 Part 2: DNA Structure Flashcards
DNA & Protein Synthesis
DNA is a type of ______.
Nucleic Acid
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA is made of ______ called nucleotides.
Monomers
DNA is made of monomers called ______.
Nucleotides
What are the four Nucleotides of DNA?
A- Adenine
T-Thymine
C-Cytosine
G-Guanine
What is the function of DNA?
To store genetic information
What is the structure of DNA?
2 strands in a double helix
What are the two names of DNA structure?
Double Helix and “Twisted Ladder”
What is a double helix?
Two strands that go in opposite directions
What does the sugar phosphate backbone in DNA do?
It holds strands together with strong covalent bonds
What do the nitrogen base pairs in DNA do?
They connect two strands with weak hydrogen bonds.
What is complementary base pairing?
A+T
Adenine goes with Thymine
G+C
Guanine goes with Cytosine
How long would one strand of your DNA be if it was stretched out?
6 feet
How long would all of your DNA stretched out be?
67 billion miles long
DNA is in the ______.
Nucleus
How does DNA fit into the nucleus?
By coiling tightly around histone proteins
Every cell in your body contains an ______ copy of your DNA.
exact
Every cell in your body contains an exact copy of your DNA on ______ chromosomes.
46
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, Phosphate Group, Nitrogen Base
What is the sugar of DNA?
Deoxyribose
What does the phosphate group in DNA do?
It forms strong covalent bonds with sugar in same strand
What are possible nitrogen bases in DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine
What do nitrogen bases in DNA do?
~Connect strands of double helix with hydrogen bonds
~Creates DNA codes
A bonds with…
T
G bonds with…
C
C bonds with…
G
T bonds with…
A
