*Unit 2 Part 1: Bonds and pH Flashcards

Biochemistry

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1
Q

_____ is made of matter.

A

Everything

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2
Q

Chemical changes in _____ are essential to all life processes.

A

Matter

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3
Q

The three states of matter are…

A

liquids, gases, solids.

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4
Q

Elements are pure substances that cannot be _____.

A

broken down

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5
Q

_____ percent of the mass of life is made of six elements.

A

96

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6
Q

List the 6 elements that make up 96% of the mass of life.

A

Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

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7
Q

What is the mnemonic device that can be used to remember the 6 elements that make up the mass of life.

A

CHONPS

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8
Q

What does CHONPS stand for?

A

Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

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9
Q

An _____ is the simplest particle of an element.

A

atom

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10
Q

An atom is too small to see, so scientists use _____.

A

models

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11
Q

Nucleus of an atom

A

Central core that contains protons and neutrons

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12
Q

Protons

A

Positively charged

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13
Q

Neutrons

A

No electic charge

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14
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged

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15
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

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16
Q

Bonds contain _____ energy that can be release or absorbed in chemical reactions.

A

chemical

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17
Q

There are _____ types of bonds.

A

three

18
Q

List the types of bonds.

A

Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen

19
Q

Covalent bonds form when…

A

2 atoms share electrons.

20
Q

Covalent bond are very _____ and very _____ bonds.

A

stable; strong

21
Q

Ion

A

Charged atom that has lost or gained an electron

22
Q

Cation

A

Ion that has lost electrons and has a positive charge

23
Q

Anion

A

Ion that has gained electrons and has a negative charge

24
Q

Ionic bonds form when…

A

oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other.

25
Q

Hydrogen Bonds

A

Attraction of weak charges between hydrogen and oxygen atoms

26
Q

pH measures…

A

the amount of H+ and OH- in a solution.

27
Q

The ph scale ranges from _____ to _____.

A

0; 14

28
Q

The pH of pure water is _____.

A

7

29
Q

A solution with a pH below 7 is _____.

A

acidic

30
Q

A solution with a pH above 7 is _____.

A

basic

31
Q

H+ means a solution has a pH that is _____.

A

acidic

32
Q

OH- means a solution has a pH that is _____.

A

basic

33
Q

Organisms can tolerate only small changes or proteins will begin to _____, so they maintain constant pH.

A

denature

34
Q

Buffers

A

Solutions that resist changes in pH

35
Q

Acids turn litmus paper _____, have a _____ taste, and have a pH _____ than 7.

A

red; sour; less

36
Q

Bases turn litmus paper _____, have a _____ taste, and have a pH _____ than 7.

A

blue; bitter; greater

37
Q

Is the following statement true or false?
Acids feel slippery.

A

False

38
Q

Is the following statement true or false?
Acids corrode metals.

A

True

39
Q

Is the following statement true or false?
Bases feel slippery.

A

True

40
Q

Is the following statement true or false?
Bases corrode metal.

A

False