*Unit 2 Part 3: Macromolecules Flashcards
Biochemistry
Is the following statement true or false?
Water is organic.
False
Organic compounds
High energy biological molecules
What two elements are organic compounds composed of?
Carbon and hydrogen
Monomer
Simple subunit of macromolecules
Polymer
Many monomers linked together
Macromolecule
Large organic polymers, essential to life processes
Every cell has thousands of _____ forming specialized structures to carry out cell functions.
macromolecules
What are some examples of cell functions that macromolecules carry out?
Energy, transport, waste, structure
Carbohydrates monomer:
Monosaccharide
Carbohydrates structure:
Rings of carbon
Carbohydrates function:
Store main energy
Carbohydrates examples:
Sugar, bread, potatoes
Lipids monomer:
Fatty acids
Lipids structure:
Long carbon chains
Lipids function:
Energy, insulation, cell membrane
Lipids examples:
Butter, oil, was, cholesterol, phospholipids
Hydrophobic
Do not mix with water
Which of the following macromolecules are hydrophobic?
A) Carbohydates
B) Lipids
C) Proteins
D) Nucleic Acids
B) Lipids
Proteins monomer:
Amino acids
How many types of amino acids are there?
22
Proteins structure:
complex folded shapes dependent on sequence of amino acids determined by genetic code
Proteins function:
“workhorses” of the cell:
~structure
~transport
~movement
~defense
~regulation of cell functions
Proteins examples:
meat, cheese, eggs, fish
Nucleic Acids monomers:
Nucleotides
Nucleic Acids structure:
long strands with a base, sugar, and phosphate
Nucleic Acids function:
Carry out genetic codes for making proteins
Nucleic Acids examples:
DNA and RNA
