unit 6 pt 2 Flashcards
Continuous reinforcement
occurs when every response made results in reinforcement
Schedules of reinforcement
rules that determine when reinforcement is available
Partial (intermittent) reinforcement
when only a certain number of responses or a certain amount of time must pass before reinforcement is available
Types of partial reinforcement
- Fixed vs variable schedules
- Ratio vs interval schedules
Fixed ratio schedule
reinforcement is delivered after a specific number of responses
Fixed interval schedule
reinforces the first response occurring after a set amount of time passes
Variable interval schedule
the first response is reinforced following a variable amount of time
Variable ratio schedule
the number of responses required to receive reinforcement varies
Ratio schedules tend to generate…
higher rates of responding
Partial reinforcement effect
organisms conditioned under partial reinforcement resist extinction longer than those under continuous reinforcement
Latent learning
learning that is not expressed until the organism’s response is reinforced
Observational (social) learning
changes in behaviour and knowledge that result from watching others
Social learning theory
Dependent on: Attention Memory Motor reproduction Motivation
Imitation
recreating a motor behaviour or expression
Mirror neurons
cells that fire both when performing an action, as well as when observing an action
