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Psychology 1200 > Unit 14 > Flashcards

Unit 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Body mass index (BMI)

A

a statistic commonly used for estimating a healthy body weight given an individual’s height

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2
Q

Social contagion

A

the unintentional spreading of a behaviour as a result of social interactions

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3
Q

Social resilience

A

the ability to keep positive relationships and to recover from social isolation and life stressors

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4
Q

How does genetic and environmental factors influence obesity

A

genetic influence set point

environmental factors are cultural, family, and socioeconomic factors

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5
Q

2077

A

14.2

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6
Q

Coronary heart disease

A

a condition in which plaques form in the blood vessels

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7
Q

Cortisol

A

a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that prepares for stressful situations

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8
Q

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A

a theory of stress responses involving stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

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9
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

A

a neural and endocrine circuit that provides communication between the nervous (hypo), and the endocrine system (adrenal glands and pituitary)

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10
Q

Individual zone of optimal functioning

IZOF

A

a range of emotional intensity in which they most likely to perform at they best

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11
Q

Oxytocin

A

a stress-sensitive hormone that is associated with maternal bonding and social relationships

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12
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

the study of the relationship between the immune and nervous system functioning

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13
Q

Stress

A

a psychological and physiological reaction that occurs when demands exceed resources to meet the demands

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14
Q

Type A personality

A

people tend to be impatient and worry

- competitive, easily angered, motivated

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15
Q

Type B personality

A

people who are laid back and patient

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16
Q

what are the physiological reactions that occur under stress
(fight or flight)

A

stressor → hypothalamus stimulates symp. nervous system → release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal medulla

17
Q

what are the physiological reactions that occur under stress
(HPA axis)

A

hypothalamus stimulates pituitary gland to release hormones → adrenal cortex is stimulated → cortisol is released

18
Q

How does stress effect the immune system?

A

cortisol supresses the immune system

19
Q

does stress cause ulcers

A

nope, but it can worsen the condition

20
Q

2117

A

14.3

21
Q

Biofeedback

A

a therapeutic technique that uses physiological recording instrument to provide feedback that increases awareness of bodily responses

22
Q

Brain-dervied neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

A

a protein in the nervous system that promotes survival, growth, and the formation of new synapses

23
Q

Compensatory control

A

psychological strategies people use to preserve a sense of order when personal control is compromised

24
Q

Coping

A

refers to proesses used to manage demands, stress, and conflict

25
Q

Meditation

A

any procedure that involves a shift in consciousness to a state where an individual is highly focused

26
Q

Mindful-based stress reduction (MBSR)

A

a structured relaxation program based on elements of mindfulness meditation

27
Q

Negative affectivity

A

the tendency to respond to problems with a pattern of anxiety, hostility, anger, guilt, or nervousness

28
Q

Optimism

A

positive perception

29
Q

Pessimism

A

negative perception

30
Q

Pessimistic explanatory style

A

the tendency to interpret and explain negative events as internally based and a constant quality

31
Q

Post traumatic growth

A

the capacity to grow and experience long-term positive effects in response to negative events

32
Q

Resilience

A

the ability to effectively recover from illness or adversity

33
Q

How does control over environment affect coping and outlook?

A
  • 0 control leads to learned helplessness

- some control helps people to cope with bad events

34
Q

What are the positive and negative styles of coping

A

positive coping creates resilience and post traumatic growth

negative coping creates negative affectivity and pessimism

35
Q

can relaxation techniques like meditation and biofeedback be effective?

A

yes!

Psychology 1200 (16 decks)

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