Unit 5 Review questions Flashcards
The urinary system includes?
two kidneys, one urethra, two ureters, and one urinary bladder
The kidneys of ___ have a lobulated appearance.
cows
The hilus is?
The indented area on the side of the kidney
The ____ is the basic functional unit of the kidney.
nephron
The insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary gland can result in?
polyuria
The urinary bladder is lined with?
transitional epithelial cells
The term that describes a decrease in the volume of voided urine over a 24 hour period?
oliguria
The term that describes an increase in the volume of voided urine over a 24 hour period?
polyuria
The preferred specimen collection method for urine samples that require culture and sensitivity testing is?
cystocentesis
Samples collected by ___ are often contaminated with cells from the distal genital tract.
free catch
When collecting samples by cystocentesis, direct the needle?
Dorsalcaudally
Urine samples should be analyzed within ___ after collection if they are not refrigerated.
less than an hour
Which test should be performed before refrigerating a urine sample?
specific gravity
The term that describes an increase in the frequency of urination over a 24-hour period is?
pollakiuria
Urine that appears ___ has low specific gravity.
clear
Normal urine output for adult dogs and cats is approx. ___ mL/kg body weight per day.
20 - 40
The term that describes the absence of urine production is?
anuria
Urine that appears ___ has high specific gravity.
yellowish-brown
Which urine constituent is most likely to be elevated during late pregnancy in cows and ewes?
ketones
What is the best way to differentiate between hematuria and hemoglobinuria?
centrifuge the urine, and examine the sediment microscopically for RBCs
Which test is used to confirm the presence of bilirubin when detected with the dipstick test?
Icotest
Which test can be used to measure the total sugar in the urine?
Clinitest
Which test is used to confirm the presence of excess protein when detected with the dipstick test?
sulfosalicylic acid turbidity
Which urine crystal is commonly associated with ethylene glycol toxicity in small animals?
calcium oxalate
