Unit 5 Review questions

Question 1

The urinary system includes?

Answer 1

two kidneys, one urethra, two ureters, and one urinary bladder

Question 2

The kidneys of ___ have a lobulated appearance.

Answer 2

cows

Question 3

The hilus is?

Answer 3

The indented area on the side of the kidney

Question 4

The ____ is the basic functional unit of the kidney.

Answer 4

nephron

Question 5

The insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary gland can result in?

Answer 5

polyuria

Question 6

The urinary bladder is lined with?

Answer 6

transitional epithelial cells

Question 7

The term that describes a decrease in the volume of voided urine over a 24 hour period?

Answer 7

oliguria

Question 8

The term that describes an increase in the volume of voided urine over a 24 hour period?

Answer 8

polyuria

Question 9

The preferred specimen collection method for urine samples that require culture and sensitivity testing is?

Answer 9

cystocentesis

Question 10

Samples collected by ___ are often contaminated with cells from the distal genital tract.

Answer 10

free catch

Question 11

When collecting samples by cystocentesis, direct the needle?

Answer 11

Dorsalcaudally

Question 12

Urine samples should be analyzed within ___ after collection if they are not refrigerated.

Answer 12

less than an hour

Question 13

Which test should be performed before refrigerating a urine sample?

Answer 13

specific gravity

Question 14

The term that describes an increase in the frequency of urination over a 24-hour period is?

Answer 14

pollakiuria

Question 15

Urine that appears ___ has low specific gravity.

Answer 15

clear

Question 16

Normal urine output for adult dogs and cats is approx. ___ mL/kg body weight per day.

Answer 16

20 - 40

Question 17

The term that describes the absence of urine production is?

Answer 17

anuria

Question 18

Urine that appears ___ has high specific gravity.

Answer 18

yellowish-brown

Question 19

Which urine constituent is most likely to be elevated during late pregnancy in cows and ewes?

Answer 19

ketones

Question 20

What is the best way to differentiate between hematuria and hemoglobinuria?

Answer 20

centrifuge the urine, and examine the sediment microscopically for RBCs

Question 21

Which test is used to confirm the presence of bilirubin when detected with the dipstick test?

Answer 21

Icotest

Question 22

Which test can be used to measure the total sugar in the urine?

Answer 22

Clinitest

Question 23

Which test is used to confirm the presence of excess protein when detected with the dipstick test?

Answer 23

sulfosalicylic acid turbidity

Question 24

Which urine crystal is commonly associated with ethylene glycol toxicity in small animals?

Answer 24

calcium oxalate

Question 25

Which type of crystal found in alkaline urine is often described as having a “coffin lid” appearance?

Answer 25

Struvite

Question 26

Which common crystal gives equine urine its milky appearance

Answer 26

Calcium carbonate

Question 27

Which crystals are commonly found in the urine of Dalmations dogs?

Answer 27

Uric acid

Question 28

This crystal appears to be flat and has six sides?

Answer 28

cystine