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Clinical Chem - Vic > ch 12 McCurnins book key terms > Flashcards

ch 12 McCurnins book key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Activated clotting time?

A

x

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2
Q

Complete Blood count (CBC)?

A

provides information about RBCs, WBCs, Platelets, and plasma protein concentration that can be helpful in determining health or disease and in monitoring response to therapy.

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3
Q

Laboratory testing is done why?

A

assess health, establish a diagnosis, and monitor response to disease

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4
Q

Cytology is used in vet. practices to?

A

evaluate superficial masses, abnormal tissues, and fluid accumulations

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5
Q

Blood samples for a CBC are collected in a tube containing?

A

an anticoagulant

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6
Q

What is the preferred anticoagulant for mammals and most non-mammalian species?

A

EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

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7
Q

How does EDTA prevent clotting?

A

by binding calcium. Also saves cell morphology unless samples are stored for an extended period of time.

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8
Q

What does EDTA cause?

A

RBCs lysis

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9
Q

Heparin is preferred in what species?

A

some non-mammalian species because EDTA causes RBCs lysis

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10
Q

Heparin causes what in cell morphology?

A

artifacts

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11
Q

All samples should be clearly what?

A

labeled with an ID number or name and the date and time of collection

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12
Q

How many times should a blood sample tube be inverted ___ to ____ times before blood the blood can be processed through an automated hematology analyzer , a microhematocrit tube is filled or blood smears are made to ensure what?

A

10, 15

ensure that RBCs, WBCs and platelets are evenly distributed throughout the volume of blood

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13
Q

Blood collection tube - purple, what coagulant and for what purpose is this tube used?

A

EDTA

CBC, platelet count

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14
Q

Blood collection tube - green, what coagulant and for what purpose is this tube used?

A

heparin

CBC, in some non-mammalian species , electrolytes and biochemical profile for some instruments

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15
Q

Blood collection tube - blue, what coagulant and for what purpose is this tube used?

A

Citrate

coagulation tests

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16
Q

Blood collection tube - red, what coagulant and for what purpose is this tube used?

A

None

biochemical profile, serum protein electrophoresis

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17
Q

Blood collection tube - red and black (tiger top), what coagulant and for what purpose is this tube used?

A

None

biochemical profile - separator gel in these tubes facilitates separation of serum from cellular components

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18
Q

Blood in EDTA tubes should be mixed after collection and before a what is determined?

A

before a packed cell volume is determined, a blood smear is made, or the sample is processed through an automated hematology analyzer

19
Q

What does a CBC include?

A

PCV or HCT (hematocrit), RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Red blood cell distribution width (HDW), platelet count, WBC count, and WBC differential.
others - blood smear, plasma concentration

20
Q

When is a blood smear an evaluation of a blood smear strongly recommended?

A

when the animal is anemic, thrombocytopenic, or leukopenic, and in cases of moderate to marked leukocytosis

21
Q

Automated hematology analyzers count?

A

RBCs, WBCs, and platelets; determine hemoglobin concentration; and calculate RBC indices. These instruments also determine cell size and evaluate other cell parameters such as granularity of the cytoplasm and shape of the nucleus for WBCs

22
Q

What is used to evaluate RBC mass?

A

PCV or HCT, RBC count, and hemoglobin concentration

23
Q

RBC mass is?

A

an indication of the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

24
Q

A PCV is the most commonly used parameter used to assess RBC mass because?

A

it can be measured manually

25
Q

Why is a PCV done?

A

to assess hydration and to monitor fluid therapy

26
Q

PCV is the percentage of?

A

RBCs in a specific volume of blood

27
Q

What three components of blood visible in the microhematocrit tube after being centrifuged are?

A

RBCs at the bottom, a buffy coat layer of WBCs and platelets just above the packed RBCs and plasma at the top

28
Q

Automated hematology calculate HCT how?

A

By multiplying the mean cell volume (MCV) by the RBC count

29
Q

What happens if there is excess anticoagulant in collection tube?

A

RBCs shrink, falsely decreasing the PCV

30
Q

Is HCT a more accurate indication of RBC mass?

A

yes because in the automated hematology analyzer, the diluent allows the RBCs to expand to their normal volume

31
Q

When is the PCV more accurate indication of RBC mass?

A

when agglutination of RBCs is noted (in immune-mediated hemolytic anemia)

32
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

the protein in RBCs that carries oxygen from lungs to tissues

33
Q

How is hemoglobin concentration reported (units)?

A

g/dL

34
Q

In most species PCV or (HCT) divided by ___ is a good estimate of hemoglobin concentration.

A

3

35
Q

Hemoglobin cannot be measured accurately by ___ methods.

A

manual

36
Q

Hemoglobin concentration is useful in determining _____ _____ which are used to classify anemia.

A

RBC indices

37
Q

Mean cell volume (MCV) is used as an indicator for?

A

the average size of RBCs and is reported in femtoliters (fL; 1 fL = 10 ˉᶦ⁵ L)

38
Q

Normocytic?

A

RBCs with normal MCV

39
Q

MCV?

A

mean cell volume

40
Q

Macrocytic?

A

RBCs with an increased MCV

41
Q

Microcytic?

A

RBCs with a decreased MCV

42
Q

MCV can be increased in regenerative anemias associated with?

A

hemmorrhage or hemolysis

43
Q

MCV may be decreased in iron deficiency resulting from?

A

chronic external blood loss

Clinical Chem - Vic (29 decks)

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