ch 26 - sample collection and handling

Question 1

What is the first step in performing a urinalysis?

Answer 1

The proper collection of a urine sample, which must be carefully obtained to ensure accurate results

Question 2

What are handling samples or collection times and examination tips?

Answer 2

1. near time of blood chemistry/CBC
2. select an appropriate method
3. collect before administration of therapeutic agents
4. best sample is first morning samples
5. examination within 30 mins. of collection
6. if exam must wait refrigeration 6 - 24 hr

Question 3

What are the collection methods?

Answer 3

1. voided or free catch
voided is also expressing urine from the bladder by pressure
3. urinary catherization
4. cystocentesis
5. collection from surface

Question 4

What are some ways to stimuate urination from dogs, cats, cattle , sheep, and horses?

Answer 4

dogs - the scent of other dogs
cats - nonabsorbent granules in litter box
cattle - rub straw or hand ventral to vulva in circular fashion
sheep - occlude nostrils
horses - warm cloth rubbed on ventral abdomen - clean stall

Question 5

What is the proper storage and handling of urine?

Answer 5

1. analyze within 30 min to 1 hr

2. if necessary refrigerate up to 6 - 24 hrs

Question 6

What happens if urine sits at room temperature more than an hour?

Answer 6

1. artifacts and degeneration which is: decreased glucose and bilirubin, increased pH and specific gravity, breakdown of cellular components, bacterial growth

Question 7

If refrigeration of urine goes beyond the time (12 hrs. is best) or just by refrigerating, what can happen to urine?

Answer 7

may affect specific gravity and crystal formation may occur - can’t contribute to disease process

Question 8

What is needed to send urine sample to reference lab?

Answer 8

Preserve urine with 1 gt (drop) of 40% formalin per oz urine
Make sure to do glucose testing first
Enough toluene ( a clear, water-insoluble liquid - solvent) to form a layer on top of sample
add enough toluene to form a layer on top of sample
1 thymol crystal or 1 part 5% phenol to 9 parts urine

Question 9

What is the equipment needed t

Answer 9

c