unit 4 learning objectives Flashcards
Identify equipment required for parenteral medications.
syringes and needles,
is required to prepare and administer parenteral medications. The selection of the syringe and needle is based on the type and location of injection; amount, quality, and type of medication; and the body size of the patient
Discuss pediatric and geriatric considerations with administration of medications through ultrasonic nebulizer or MDI.
both go by weight of individual- scone both weights are vastly differing from each other. its important to go by weight
Determine 2 ways to maintain clean equipment with use of an MDI/nebulizer in the long term setting or in the home setting.
Soak the mouthpiece or mask, top piece, and medicine cup in a white vinegar and water solution for 30 minutes
Describe procedure for administrating medications through an ultrasonic nebulizer.
Hold the nebulizer in an upright position to prevent spilling and to ensure the medication is correctly distributed. Take normal regular breaths in through your mouth so that the medicine can go deep into your lungs. Continue until all of the medicine is gone from the cup.
Review appropriate abbreviations for medication administration including eye and ear.
do not crush
CD
TR
LA
ER
XT
SR
XL
SA
CR
DR
E
CC
XR
hs-hours of sleep
ac/pc=before/after meals
qd-daily
bid-2x
tid-3x
qid-4x
Identify how to determine how much medication is left in the MDI.
count how many puffs you take each day. Then look at the label on your MDI and see how many doses (puffs) are in the canister.
Identify which clients would benefit from using a spacer to receive medications through a MDI.
help the medication get straight to where it’s needed in your lungs, with less medication ending up in your mouth and throat where it can lead to irritation or mild infections.
Discuss how to teach a client proper use of a metered dose inhaler (MDI) to receive the recommended dose and avoid excessive inhalations.
Remove the cap and hold the inhaler upright.
Stand or sit up straight.
Shake the inhaler.
Tilt your head back slightly and breathe out all the way.
Put the inhaler in your mouth
.
Press down on the inhaler quickly to release the medicine as you start to breathe in slowly.
Breathe in slowly for 3 to 5 seconds.
Hold your breath for 10 seconds to allow medicine to go deeply into your lungs.
Breathe out slowly.
Repeat puffs as directed by your doctor. Wait 1 minute before taking the second puff.
Discuss the advantages and of administering medications via the eye, ear, inhalation, vaginal, and topical routes, across the lifespan.
relative simplicity to formulate, minimal storage limitations and ease of drug instillation by most patients
A vastly higher concentration of antibiotic can be delivered to the site of infection
Suitable for infants and people too sick or physically unable to use other devices
dosage reduction, continuity of drug delivery, longer durations between doses, reduced side effects
Easy to Administer and fewer risk of gi difficulties
Discuss the and disadvantages of administering medications via the eye, ear, inhalation, vaginal, and topical routes, across the lifespan.
limited drug concentration for lipophilic agents, precorneal losses and the barrier function of the cornea
barriers to absorption
Contents easily contaminated
Relatively expensive
Poor delivery efficiency
Drug wastage
can be very awkward for patients and nurse and can also lead to potential mistakes in giving
They can be time-consuming to apply. At times, the regimen can be complicated,
Describe the procedure for medication administration via the eye, ear, inhalation, vaginal, and topical routes across the lifespan.
Squeeze the bottle or tube gently to instil the eye drop without touhcing-place pressure on lacrimal sac to absorb
ear-admister ear drop on side-wait 5 minutes and do next side
inhalation - spray medication while patient is breathing in allows mediation to go to lungs
top-puts medications on skin
vaginal-stick it al the way ip there
Describe techniques for safe administration of injections across the lifespan.
Prepare injections using aseptic technique in a clean area.
Do not use needles or syringes for more than one patien
Medication containers (single and multidose vials, ampules, and bags) are entered with a new needle
Use single-dose vials for parenteral medications when possible.
Do not use single-dose (single-use) medication vials, ampules, and bags or bottles of intravenous solution for more than one patient.
Do not combine the leftover contents of single-use vials for later use.
Identify appropriate injection sites across the lifespan.
deltoid, ventrogluteal, and thigh
ventrogluteal is considered best
Identify techniques for preparing drugs to administer via the intradermal, subcutaneous and intramuscular routes.
od-spread skin apart-take slight angle into skin to create wheal
subcutaneous- pinch skin- needle at 45-90 degree, stick needle in
intramsualrar-nsert needle at a 90o angle to the skin with a quick thrust. Retain pressure on skin around injection site with thumb and index finger while needle is inserted
identify clinical situations in which a nasogastric (NG) tube with suction is indicated.
Toxic ingestion (poisoning).
Gastroparesis or gastric outlet obstruction.
Small bowel obstruction or pseudo-obstruction.
Intractable nausea and vomiting.
Upper GI bleeding.
Gastrointestinal surgery.
Describe techniques for effective delivery of medication through a feeding tube.
ach medication should be given separately through the feeding tube. A clean 30-mL or larger oral (non-Luer tip) syringe should be used. Flush the tube again. The tube should be flushed again with at least 15 mL of purified water to ensure that the drug has been delivered and the tube is clear.