lp 10 vocab head/neck/eye Flashcards
Normocephalic
—Someone whose upper extremities are considered normal. This is when the size and shape of their head and all the organs involved are normal size with no apparent changes.
Crepitation / Crepitus
—Bone moving against other bone that produces a crackling to grinding noise. This can appeaser at any time in anyone, and it is just the noise created by ends of bone moving against each other.
Fontanel
-Also known as the “soft spots” in infants, this is where complete bone formation on the skull isn’t fully complete yet, causing openings which is also known as the soft spots.
Conjunctiva
—Protective layer to the eye. This will be inside of the eyelid and on top of the outer part of eye, and it protects the eye from the outer world.
Sclera
- Also known as the white part of the eye, this coating of the eye is the tissue part of the eye, that gives the white color.
Retina-
This is located in the back of the eye, and its functions consists of being a lining of cells that mainly focuses on being sensitive to light and converting the light into signals to send to the brain.
Macula-
This is part of the eye that mainly focuses on processing vision. This is also located in the back of the eye, and processes what you are currently looking at.
Canthus
-This is where the two eyelids meet. This helps to allow eyelids to close completely.
Cornea-
This is located on the outer part of the eye. This focuses on controlling and selecting what light enters the eye in any given moment.
Snellen Eye Chart—
This is the eye chart that is available in any doctor’s office. This helps to determine how well eyes are working by using varying sizes of letters and asking which ones they can see.
Ophthalmoscope
- This is the instrument that has the light attached to it to examine eyes. Using this allows one to look into the back of the eye to complete an eye exam.
EOM
—Extraocular muscle. This is the muscles you are testing in an eye exam. When moving the muscles around, you are testing to see if any of the EOMs are weaker than they should be by how much mobility they have.
Nystagmus
—Uncontrollable eye movements. Results of this are incomplete balance, coordination and depth perception. The eyes will move on their own.
Exophthalmos-
Also known as “bulging eyes”, this is when the eyeballs are further out then they should be.
Scleral icterus
—When the white sclera turns yellow. This is often caused by too much bilirubin inside the blood that gets into the eye.