lp 12 vocab Flashcards

1
Q

CNS—

A

Central nervous system, consist of just the brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

PNS

A

—Peripheral nervous system, the nervous system that is everything but brain and spinal cord. This will send communication signals to and from CNS to rest of bone

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3
Q

Cerebellum—

A

Back lower extruding part of brain, this function is to help in coordination, balance, speech, walking, posture and eye movements

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4
Q

Fasciculations-

A

Also known as the muscle twitch, this is when the muscle fibers involuntary contract and move due to the motor neuron

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5
Q

Paralysis—

A

complete loss of muscle function in specific part of body. The nerves are unable to communicate to rest of body the actions required for movements

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6
Q

Romberg Test—

A

Tests the patients balance by standing in place with eyes open for 10 seconds, and then closed for 10 seconds.

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7
Q

Ataxia

A

—Muscle control that is very poor, causing the patient to have improper speech, coordination, balance and eye movements. This is due to the cerebellum having issues

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8
Q

Stereognosis

A

—Without being able to see, smell or hear the object, being able to identify an object based purely off of touch. When feeling for an object, being able to only use touch as an identifier.

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9
Q

Clonus

A

—Caused by poor CNS function, this is when the (ankle, patella, triceps, wrist, jaw or biceps) will involuntarily contract without human control. This is a repetitive motion where it keeps contracting

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10
Q

Hyperreflexia

A

—When the body overreacts every stimulus with an overreacted reflex response. The body will receive stimulates like normal, but will overreact to everything

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11
Q

Babinski sign

A

—in children under the age of 2, stroking the lateral plantar part of foot will cause the big toe to extend upward

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12
Q

Rooting reflex

A

—The baby will turn its head towards anything that touches or stimulates it. This is a natural ability that is caused from the ability to breastfeed, so the baby will turn its head towards everything.

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13
Q

LOC—

A

Level of consciousness. This is how well the neurological system responds to the environment around them and how conscious/ self-aware the patient is

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14
Q

Glasgow coma scale

A

—This is a scale that measures the neurological system functions. It measures how well the eyes respond, how well verbally you respond and how well the motor system responds.

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15
Q

Tremor-

A

neurological condition, causing shaking of moving body parts. When the body part in unable to move normally/smoothly without shaking.

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16
Q

Decerebrate posturing

A

-Another indication of poor neuroglial function. This is when the patient is stiff, but with arms that are bent, clenched fists, and straight legs.

17
Q

Decorticate posturing –

A

When there is flexion in arms, and extension in the legs when at rest, this is an indicator of damage to the nervous system in the brain

18
Q

Dysphagia—

A

When the patient has difficulty swallowing foods or liquids. This can range from just some foods/liquids to not being able to swallow at all

19
Q

Dysarthria

A

—When the patient has a difficulty speaking. This is because the success is weak and/or the patent just cannot control the muscles in the mouth

20
Q

Peripheral neuropathy—

A

Any nerves that are inside the peripheral nervous system that got damaged are a part of peripheral neuropathy

21
Q

DTR—

A

This response is stimulated by a small blow from the reflex hammer, onto the tendon. Using force, you will get a response that tells the nurse how well the neurological system is working for the patient. Left and right side should be equal

22
Q

Senile tremors—

A

Due to old age and old neurological system, the older someone gets the more likely they are for senile tremors, meaning when the body will shake due to low neurological strength, most happens in hands

23
Q

Pronator drift—

A

Patients will hold arms out in supination, pronator drift is when the arms start to drift inwards and cause the arm to go into pronation due to low muscle strength