Unit 3 Vocab D: Flashcards
American Colonization Society
Who: some influential political figures
What: organization with purpose of relocating free african americans to africa
Where: us
When: began 1817
Why: idea at the time that integration of free african americans into white society is not possible and undersireable
slavery is bad but we dont want the free slaves here
Significance: illustrates prevailing view of slavery during period of missouri compromise in north - its not that people were super against slavery and super for the rights of african americans, they were still all racist
American System
Who: henry clay
What: bank, tariff, internal improvements
Where: us
When: 1815 (end of war of 1812)
Why: result of war of 1815, attempt to unify national market economy after devastating invasion of canada
Significance: lots of developments to economy!
north likes it, south doesn’t like any of it
Andrew Jackson
Who:
What: president of us from 1829-1837 military figure in war of 1812
Where: us
When: 1829-1837
Why: appealed to common man, anti-intellectualism -> popularity
Significance: first western noneducated president
first democrat president
populism
spoils system
Boston Associates
Who: francis c lowell
What: group of investors who built early textile factories in MA
Where: MA
When: 1813
Why: profit!!
Significance: drove industrialization of american northeast
Cherokee Nation v Georgia
Who: i think its self explanatory
What: georgia encroaching on cherokee land
Where: georgia
When: 1831
Why: georgis has increasing amounts of white settlement and there has been gold discovered in cherokee land :0
Significance: cherokee wins (!!)
but they are considered a domestic dependent nation and not wovereign
Cotton Gin
Who: Eli Whitney
What: technological advancement that increased the processing speed of cotton
Where: used in deep south
When: 1793
Why: desire to make cotton growing / harvesting more efficient
Significance: increased production of cotton because now it is a lot easier to make
increases demand for cotton in factory system
Corrupt bargain
Who: supporters of andrew jackson
What: john quincy adams only became president due to a corrupt deal with henry clay >:(
Where: us
When: after election of 1824
Why: jackson won popular vote and was overall better liked, but adams won after the vote went to the house and clay (speaker of house at the time) sided with him and helped him win
Significance: shows discontent under john quincy adams, rising political conflict, many were alienated under him, popularity of jackson
Dartmouth v Woodward
Who: private university dartmouth vs state government of new hampshire
What: new hampshire tries to make dartmouth a public university, claiming that their contract is too old (pre US) to be followed
dartmouth wins
Where: us
When: 1819
Why: debate over powers of state governments
Significance: new hampshire cannot violate the college’s charter
limits government’s ability to control private companies
Election of 1828
Who: John quincy adams vs jackson
What: jackson wins in a landslide
Where: us
When: 1828
Why: popular support for jackson had been growing for a while due to populism + connection to common man
Significance: highly character driven campaign (very messy!!)
official splitting of the democratic republican party into national republicans (jq adams) and democrats (jackson)
Era of good feelings
Who: james monroe
What: era of high nationalism and decreased partisan divisions (only one political party)
Where: us
When: 1815-1821
Why: war of 1812 is over, only one political party
Significance: sense of unity in american history under monroe
development of a national culture in this period, developments like american system + missouri compromise attempt to create unity
Erie canal
Who: john quincy adams was president, dewitt clinton was governor of NY
What: canal connecting lake erie to hudson river
Where: state of NY
When: 1811, opens 1825
Why: desire to increase ease of transportation between northeast and west
Significance: connects north and west
increases farming in west and industrialization in north
Exposition and Protest
Who: john c calhoun
What: argument that states can just not follow unconstitutional laws, they should have the power of nullification
Where: south carolina (us)
When: 1828
Why: response to tariff of 1828 (tariff of abomination), no one really likes it
Significance: similar to kentucky virginia resolves as an argument for states having the power of nullification
Fletcher v peck
Who:
What: conflict over land sold by government under a law that was later repealed
Where: us
When: 1810
Why:
Significance: supreme court has judicial review power over state governments
protects property rights
Gibbons v ogden
Who: ogden + gibbons
What: ogden (guy granted a contract to use a river by state government) vs gibbons (guy granted same contract by federal government) -> conflict!!
gibbons wins
Where: us
When: 1824
Why: conflict over powers of state and federal governments
Significance: asserts federal government’s power over state governments
congress can regulate interstate trade
hartford convention
Who: federalist delegates
What: gathering to try to limit the country’s ability to declare war in the future
Where: connecticut
When: 1814 - 1815
Why: war of 1812 - federalists don’t like it and want to stop something like it from happening again
Significance: reflects badly on federalist party after war of 1812 when citizens think the us won “why were you working to stop the war?”
federalist party begins to die off
henry clay
Who:
What: political guy, war hawk
Where: us
When: american system - 1815
missouri compromise - 1820
Why:
Significance: created american system
helped john quincy adams win election of 1824
involved in missouri compromise
household system
same as cottage industry
Who:
What: system before industrialization where manufactured goods are produced in individual households for personal use
Where:
When: up to 1793 when first factory opened
Why:
Significance: changes with industrialization
production becomes centralized under a single roof, wage labor, production of consumer products with complex machines
