unit 10

Question 1

Lyndon B Johnson

Answer 1

1963-1968 (after JFK dies)
democrat
trying to be different from kennedys
1964 civil rights act
- desegregation
- equal opportunity employment commission
- title VII - gender
war on poverty
great society (2nd term domestic policy)
- medicare + medicaid
- elementary and secondary education act
- 1st african american in cabinet and in supreme court
-1965 voting rights act
- 1965 immigration act ended quotas, family reunification

foreign policy:
- vietnam war started with gulf of tonkin incedent
- blank check
- guns and butter
- 1968 - people start realizing what is really happening, cronkite
- sec of defense clifford works on peace talks
- tv address, i will not run for president

Question 2

Obama

Answer 2

lily ledbetter fair pay act
- from lawsuit over 1964 civil rights act

Question 3

1964 election

Answer 3

really bad loss for republicans, need to rebrand
LBJ wins in own right

Question 4

1968 election

Answer 4

dem - humphrey
rep - nixon
- voice for silent majority
major issue = war
- nixon has a plan, humphrey will finish the way nixon started
- law and order, pushback against liberal supreme court decisions

Question 5

nixon

Answer 5

1968-1974
foreign policy:
- realpolitik
- vietnamization, negotiate, only fight if attacked first, replace us with sv troops
- war gets worse before getting better
- 1968 my lai massacre
- 1970 starts bombing cambodia
- 1973 paris peace accords - temp ceasefire,s gov stays in power, n military stays in s -> detente
- working with henry kissinger
cold war:
- ping pong diplomacy with china
- start negotiating with russia
- salt I treaty - reduce nuclear weapons
- ABM treaty - restrict nationwide missile defense systems
- peace ends when russia invades afghanistan in 8 years
middle east:
- us supports israel
- opec does oil embargo
- shuttle diplomacy - kissinger gets opec to end embargo
nixon doctrine: countries responsible for own defense in domestic disturbances
domestic policy:
- social security, subsidized housing
- title IX added to civil rights act for equality for women in school and sports
- lots of inflation from johnson’s crazy high spending in vietnam
- short term: freezes wages and prices, ends gold standard
- nominates 4 supreme court justices, berger court

Question 6

1972 election

Answer 6

watergate hotel breakin to cheat election in favor of nixon
- investigation, televised hearings
- nixon resigns 1974, succeeded by ford

Question 7

Ford

Answer 7

Domestic:
- works to clean up cia
- whip inflation now, doesn’t really do anything
- lots of imports of cars from japan
Foreign:
 1975 north Vietnam takes south Vietnam, us ambassador and as many Vietnamese as possible evacuated
 Khmer rouge ordered to free hostages, but communication issues lead to 41 us marines killed after hostages are freed
 1975 helsinki accords – human rights focus

Question 8

1976 election

Answer 8

o Rep – ford
o Dem – carter
 Political outsider, will return morality to white house
 No coherent vision or major changes

Question 9

Carter

Answer 9

• Carter
  o Environmental policy:
   Alaska lands act for oil pipelines
   Love canal, NY – no regulation of hazardous waste, community suffers health problems
   1980 superfund for environmental clean up
  o Foreign policy
   Detante with china, full diplomatic relations
   Salt talks with ussr to limit weapons more, but then Russia invades Afghanistan and us boycotts all their stuff
   Camp David accords with Egypt and israel 1978
   Rise in Islamic fundamentalist uprisings, iran shah flees
• Us allows him to enter for medical care -> us embassy taken over, 53 hostages
• 1980 failed rescue of hostages, seen as decline of power
   Carter doctrine – we will fight to protect us interest in middle east
• Nobody else really wants to get involved

Question 10

election of 1980

Answer 10

o Dem – carter, rep – Reagan
 Are you better off than 4 years ago?
 Moral majority, pushing back against liberal policies

Question 11

Reagan

Answer 11

o Domestic policy:
 Cuts gov spending, taxes
 Reaganomics = supply side economics = trickle down
 Recession, but recovery by 1983
 Laissez faire, deregulation
 1981 patco strike, regan orders them back to work and fires those who don’t
 ERA fails to pass in states
 Some minorities appointed to federal bench, but not that many overall
 Cuts social programs to decrease spending
 Sagebrush rebellion – Reagan fires secretary of interior for stealing
 Teflon president – nothing sticks
 Economic problems continue
 1986 immigration and amnesty act
o Foreign policy
 Iran hostages freed immediately after he is inaugurated
 Increases military spending
 Strategic defense initiative – anti-missile system (star wars)
 Us supports Iraq in war vs iran
* Israel in issues with Palestine
 Perestroika – restructuring soviet economy, glasnost – political openness
 Middle east terrorism on the rise
 Us ends support for contras in Nicaragua, but Reagan continues
 Boland amendment – Reagan, you can’t keep giving money to military rebels, but he just starts doing it on his own
 Iran contra affair with Reagan continuing to aid contras, iran and israel involved, millions in profit sent to contras
* Exposed and Reagan goes on tv and takes responsibility
 Diagnosed with alzheimers after presidency

Question 12

1984 election

Answer 12

o Reagan wins again
o Dem – Mondale, with female vp! Vs jesse Jackson with rainbow coalition
 Female voters aren’t unified though

Question 13

1988 election

Answer 13

o Rep – bush, dem – Dukakis vs jesse Jackson again
 More dem support but not enough to win

Question 14

Bush

Answer 14

o Foreign policy
 Sends money to Poland for democratic government
 Desert storn invasion in Kuwait against Iraq
 1991 start – 1 treaty to make sure ussr nukes are secured
o Domestic policy:
 1990 americans with disabilities act
 1990 clean air act to reduce auto emissions
 Clarence Thomas appointed to supreme court with David souter

Question 15

1992 election

Answer 15

o Dem – Clinton, wins
o More women and minorities elected

Question 16

Clinton

Answer 16

o Domestic policy:
 1993 revokes gag rule, 12 weeks unpaid leave with FMLA, deficit reduction, student loan reform, Ameri-corps
* Brady act restricts gun purchases
 1994 assault weapon ban, violence against women act, education reform, don’t ask don’t tell
 1995 federal gov can’t hire permanent replacements for lawful strikers
 1996 anti-terrorism law, welfare reform decreases size of welfare programs (moving towards center!), defense of marriage act – federal ban on gay marriage
* Overturned by Obama with Obergefell
 Impeachment trial in 2nd term
o Foreign policy
 Oslo peace accords 1993
 1994 nafta
 1995 non-proliferation treaty

Question 17

2000 election

Answer 17

o Rep – bush, dem – gore
 Very close!
 Supreme court declares bush wins by 1 electoral vote, ignores standard processes
 Under bush 2 surplus from Clinton turns to big deficit

Question 18

african american civil rights movement

Answer 18

o Brown v board of ed -> white prejudice, emmet till murder in 1955 starts movement
o MLK
 Working with democratic party, but JFK slow to support -> 1963 march on Washington, I have a dream
 1964 freedom summer, encourages voter registration
o Pushback
 COINTELPRO – fbi working agains movement
 3rd iteration of KKK
- Schwermer murders (1964), 1965 birmingham Sunday
- SCLC and SNCC split over tactics
- george wallace elected as gov of alabama, dedicates himself to segregation
- bakke v davis 1978 - direct affirmative action illegal

Question 19

Youth movement

Answer 19

o Students for a democratic society
 Tom hayden
 One of most organized student protest movements
 Port huron statement (1962) – criticized us society, economy, foreign policy, lower voting age
o Youth international party
o Weathermen underground, bombs pentagon in 1972
o 1964 free speech movement founded
 Mario savio
o Violence inside and outside 1968 democratic national convention
o 1970 kent state – protest against Nixon bombing Cambodia, national guard shoots 4 students
o 26th amendment lowers voting age to 18

Question 20

Sexual revolution

Answer 20

o Freud, sanger, Alfred kinsey – sexual behavior
o Medicine advancement, birth control, contraception

Question 21

Gay rights

Answer 21

o 1969 stonewall
o Gay liberation front
o Successfully decriminalize homosexuality

Question 22

Mexican american civil rights movement

Answer 22

cesar chavez + dolores huerta
- united farm workers labor union
- 1965-1977 delano grape strike
- chicano movement, la raza political party

Question 23

american indian movement

Answer 23

alcatraz island occupation (1969-1971)
second wounded knee 1973