Unit 2 Intro to Neuro Flashcards by brooke desrosiers | Brainscape

Q

Nervous System Function

A

React to continuous changes in internal & external environment
Controls & integrates bodily activity

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Q

Nervous System Cells

A

Neurons
Neuroglia

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Q

Neuron Types

A

Multipolar motor neuron
Pseudounipolar sensory neuron

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Q

Neuroglia

A

Non-excitable cells
5x abundant as neurons
Support cells for neurons

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Q

CNS Neuroglia Characteristics

A

Several myelin sheaths
Myelinates sections of several axons
Nucleus in cell body

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Q

PNS Neuroglia Characteristics

A

Single wrappings around neurons
Forms 1 myelin sheath
Myelinates 1 sections of an axon
Nucleus part of myelin sheath

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Q

Neuroglia CNS Cells

A

Oligodendroglia
Astrocytes
Ependymal
Microglia

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Q

Neuroglia PNS cells

A

Satellite
Schwann

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Q

Motor Neuron Cell Body Function

A

Integrate signals
Decision to send action potential
End of axon

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Q

Motor Neuron Dendrites Function

A

Collect information from cell body
Synapse with other neurons

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Q

Motor Neuron Axon Function

A

Connects cell body to periphery
Transmits signal

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Q

Motor Neuron Axon Hillock Function

A

Trigger zone
Sum information together

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Q

Motor Neuron Communication

A

Brain to periphery

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Q

Motor Neuron Locations

A

ANS
Skeletal muscle

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Q

Sensory Neuron Communication

A

Periphery to brain

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Q

Sensory Neuron Cell Body

A

Middle of axon

Q

Sensory Neuron Dendrites

A

Connect directly to axon

Q

CNS Multiple Sclerosis

A

Slow progression
Onset between ages 20-50
Decreases life expectancy by 7-14 years
No cure, possibility of remission
Oligodendrocytes won’t repair
Secondary demyelination

Q

PNS Guillain-Barré Syndrome

A

Rapid progressions (days/weeks)
Effects any age (more common 40+)
80-90% recover within 2-4 weeks
Schwann cells dedifferentiate, proliferate
Remyelinate bare axons over time

Q

Trigger Zone

A

Multiple stimuli sum to initiate action potential
Received through dendrites

Q

Conduction Velocity Factors

A

Fiber diameter
Myelination

Q

PNS Components

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia
Enteric plexuses
Sensory receptors

Q

Sensory Information Pathway

A

Come in through peripheral NS
Travel up spinal cord
Arrive at central NS

Q

Motor Information Pathway

A

Start in brain
Travel down spinal cord
Peripheral NS
Exit body

Q

Somatic Sensory Nervous System

A

Sense of touch from body
Goes to peripheral NS

Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Goes to peripheral NS
Involuntary feedback

Q

Somatic Motor System

A

Voluntary control
Goes to peripheral NS
Skeletal muscle

Q

Autonomic Motor System

A

Visceral motor
Heart rate
Goes to peripheral NS

Q

CNS Grey Matter

A

Cortex
Nucleus

Q

PNS Grey Matter

A

Ganglion

Q

CNS White Matter

A

Axons with myelin sheath
Pathways

Q

PNS White Matter

A

Axons with myelin sheath
Nerves