Unit 2 Intro to Neuro Flashcards
1
Q
Nervous System Function
A
- React to continuous changes in internal & external environment
- Controls & integrates bodily activity
2
Q
Nervous System Cells
A
- Neurons
- Neuroglia
3
Q
Neuron Types
A
- Multipolar motor neuron
- Pseudounipolar sensory neuron
4
Q
Neuroglia
A
- Non-excitable cells
- 5x abundant as neurons
- Support cells for neurons
5
Q
CNS Neuroglia Characteristics
A
- Several myelin sheaths
- Myelinates sections of several axons
- Nucleus in cell body
6
Q
PNS Neuroglia Characteristics
A
- Single wrappings around neurons
- Forms 1 myelin sheath
- Myelinates 1 sections of an axon
- Nucleus part of myelin sheath
7
Q
Neuroglia CNS Cells
A
- Oligodendroglia
- Astrocytes
- Ependymal
- Microglia
8
Q
Neuroglia PNS cells
A
- Satellite
- Schwann
9
Q
Motor Neuron Cell Body Function
A
- Integrate signals
- Decision to send action potential
- End of axon
10
Q
Motor Neuron Dendrites Function
A
- Collect information from cell body
- Synapse with other neurons
11
Q
Motor Neuron Axon Function
A
- Connects cell body to periphery
- Transmits signal
12
Q
Motor Neuron Axon Hillock Function
A
- Trigger zone
- Sum information together
13
Q
Motor Neuron Communication
A
- Brain to periphery
14
Q
Motor Neuron Locations
A
- ANS
- Skeletal muscle
15
Q
Sensory Neuron Communication
A
- Periphery to brain
16
Q
Sensory Neuron Cell Body
A
- Middle of axon
17
Q
Sensory Neuron Dendrites
A
- Connect directly to axon
18
Q
CNS Multiple Sclerosis
A
- Slow progression
- Onset between ages 20-50
- Decreases life expectancy by 7-14 years
- No cure, possibility of remission
- Oligodendrocytes won’t repair
- Secondary demyelination
19
Q
PNS Guillain-Barré Syndrome
A
- Rapid progressions (days/weeks)
- Effects any age (more common 40+)
- 80-90% recover within 2-4 weeks
- Schwann cells dedifferentiate, proliferate
- Remyelinate bare axons over time
20
Q
Trigger Zone
A
- Multiple stimuli sum to initiate action potential
- Received through dendrites
21
Q
Conduction Velocity Factors
A
- Fiber diameter
- Myelination
22
Q
PNS Components
A
- Cranial nerves
- Spinal nerves
- Ganglia
- Enteric plexuses
- Sensory receptors
23
Q
Sensory Information Pathway
A
- Come in through peripheral NS
- Travel up spinal cord
- Arrive at central NS
24
Q
Motor Information Pathway
A
- Start in brain
- Travel down spinal cord
- Peripheral NS
- Exit body
25
Somatic Sensory Nervous System
- Sense of touch from body
- Goes to peripheral NS
26
Autonomic Nervous System
- Goes to peripheral NS
- Involuntary feedback
27
Somatic Motor System
- Voluntary control
- Goes to peripheral NS
- Skeletal muscle
28
Autonomic Motor System
- Visceral motor
- Heart rate
- Goes to peripheral NS
29
CNS Grey Matter
- Cortex
- Nucleus
30
PNS Grey Matter
- Ganglion
31
CNS White Matter
- Axons with myelin sheath
- Pathways
32
PNS White Matter
- Axons with myelin sheath
- Nerves
