unit 10 (blood) Flashcards
blood transports:
nutrients
waste
hormones
body heat
composition of blood
formed elements and plasma
volume of blood
5.5 L (5-6L)
composition of plasma
90% water
plasma proteins (albumin, clotting proteins, antibodies, enzymes)
albumin
an important blood buffer and contributes to osmotic pressure
clotting proteins
help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured
antibodies
help protect the body from pathogens
enzymes
catalyze chemical reactions
RBC
erythrocytes; carry oxygen, anucleate, hemoglobin; normal: 5 million
hemoglobin
iron containing protein; binds oxygen; normal: 12-18 g/dl
homeostatic imbalance: anemia’s 3 causes
Lower-than-normal number of RBCs
Abnormal or deficient hemoglobin content in the RBCs
Insufficient Iron in diet
increase in RBC
slows blood flow and increases blood viscosity (thickness)
WBC
leukocytes; defense against disease, has nucleus, diapedesis; granulocytes and agranulocytes; normal: 4,800 to 10,800
diapedesis
can move in and out of blood vessels
granulocytes
can see granules in cytoplasm; neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
agranulocytes
lack visible granules in cytoplasm; lymphocytes and monocytes
most abundant to least (WBC)
neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils
neutrophils
most numerous; phagocytes; 40-70%
eosinophils
red/pink granules; kill parasitic worms and play a role in allergy attacks; 1-4%