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Biol B1 Unit 1 > Unit 1 Exam > Flashcards

Unit 1 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 7 attributes of life?

A

order
response to stimuli
reproduction
evolutionary adaptation
growth and development
regulation and homeostasis
energy processing

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2
Q

what are the organization levels of life in order?

A

atoms
molecules
organelles
cells
tissues
organs
organisms
population
community
ecosystem
biosphere

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3
Q

what is pseudoscience?

A

science based on beliefs and practices

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4
Q

what is the independent variable?

A

the variable that we manipulate or change in the experiment

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5
Q

what is the dependent variable?

A

the variable that is directly affected by the independent variable

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6
Q

what is a control group?

A

the control group is the group that does not receive any change in the variable

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7
Q

what is the hypothesis?

A

the hypothesis is a proposed explanation of a problem or situation

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8
Q

what is the theory?

A

when a hypothesis is tested and proved true multiple times
comes last

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9
Q

what are the 3 domains of life?

A

bacteria
archae
eukaryotes

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10
Q

what are the levels of classification in order?

A

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

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11
Q

what is diffusion?

A

the movement of molecules from high to low to achieve equilibrium

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12
Q

what is facilitated diffusion?

A

assisted diffusion through protein channels

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13
Q

what is osmosis?

A

the molecule being moved is specifically water or the solvent

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14
Q

does osmosis require energy?

A

no

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15
Q

does osmosis go from high to low?

A

yes

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16
Q

what is active transport?

A

moving of molecules against the concetration gradientd

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17
Q

does active transport require energy or ATP?

A

yes

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18
Q

does active transport move high to low?

A

no : it goes against the natural current

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19
Q

what is hypertonic

A

when you have more solute than you do solvent

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20
Q

what is hypotonic?

A

when you have more solvent than you do solute

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21
Q

what is isotonic?

A

when solvent and solute are equal in both sides

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22
Q

what do plants prefer to be?

A

hypotonic

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23
Q

what does cell walls dp?

A

protect and provide rigidity

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24
Q

what do animal cells prefer to be ?

A

isotonic

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25
if you have saltwater is it hypertonic or hypotonic?
hypertonic
26
is freshwater hypertonic or hypotonic?
hypotonic
27
what is solute?
what gets dissolved by the solvent
28
what is solvent?
what dissolves the solute (think liquid)wh
29
what is the universal solvent?
water
30
what does isotope differ in?
neutrons
31
what stays the same in isotopes?
protons and electrons
32
are all radioactive isotopes bad?
no: some just decay naturally
33
what part of the phospholipid loves water?
head
34
what part of the phospholipid hates water?
fatty acid tail
35
what type of cells are lysosomes found in?
only animal cells
36
what do ribosomes do?
synthesizes proteins
37
what does mitochondria do?
the powerhouse of the cell and make ATP/ Energy to run cells
38
what does the cytoplasm do?
jello like substance that holds organelles
39
what does chloroplasts do?
uses light through photosynthesis to make sugars/ food for plants
40
what does the cell wall do?
regulates what goes in and out of the cell
41
what is the endoplasmic reticulum?
folds proteins and transports them in vesicles
42
what does the rough ER Do?
synthesizes proteins
43
what does the smooth ER do?
synthesizes lipids
44
which type of ER has ribosomes?
rough ER Only
45
what does the golgi body do?
modifies, tags and sorts and distributes to other parts of the cell
46
what is endosymbiotic theory?
some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic micorbes
47
what type of evidence is there to support endosymbiotic theory?
mitochondria has its own DNA and nucleus
48
what is cell theory?
cells are the smallest unit of life and all things came from cells
49
what do prokaryotes do not have?
no nucleus mitochondria membrane bound organelles
50
what do all cells have?
ribosome cytoplasm DNA plasma membrane
51
what makes up 95 percent of eukaryotes?
carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen
52
which bond is the weakest?
hydrogen
53
what does an ionic bond do?
steals electrons
54
what does a covalent bond do?
shares electrons
55
what is a polar covalent bond?
when the bond shares electrons unequally
56
what is a non polar covalent bond?
when the bond shares electrons equally 50/50
57
what is a hydrogen bond?
bond between 2 water molecules
58
what does polar molecules have?
a charge
59
what is pH?
refers to something as basic or acidic
60
what pH level is considered neutral?
7
61
what pH level is considered acidic?
less than 7
62
what pH level is considered basic?
more than 7
63
what are the 3 parts of the amino acid?
amino group carboxyl group side chain group
64
which group determines what type of amino acid?
the side chain group
65
what is monosaccharide?
the monomer of carbohydrates
66
what is polysaccharide?
the polymer of carbohydrates
67
what is saturated fat?
where its bond has a double bond in its carbon chain
68
what is unsaturated fats?
where its bond only has a single bond in its carbon chain
69
what is cellulose?
fiber of a plant cell
70
what is glycogen?
stored form of glucose
71
where is glycogen found in?
animal cells only
72
what is starch?
stores energy for plants
73
how many electrons can be in the first shell ?
2
74
how many electrons can be in the second shell?
up to 8
75
what is inside the two shells?
protons and neutrons
76
what is membrane?
fluid
77
what drifts in the membrane plane?
phospholipids
78
what floats in the phospholipid sea?
proteins
79
what links amino acids together?
polypeptides
80
what does polypeptide primary Strucutre look like?
string of pearls
81
what does secondary structure look like?
pleated sheet or alpha helix
82
what does tertiary strucuture look like
giant blob
83
what does quantenary strucutre look like?
a bunch of blobs
84
what are line graphs used for?
for continuous variables and when the variables rely on each other
85
when are bar graphs used?
to compare categorical data
86
when are pie graphs used ?
to represent the composition of a whole and also used when you know the sample size
87
why do line graphs sometimes have more than one line?
because it is needed for multiple sets of data
88
which variable goes on the x-axis?
the independent variable (or the one that we manipulate)
89
which variable goes on the y- axis?
the dependent variable (or the one that is affected by the independent variable)
90
is the x - axis horizontal or vertical?
horizontal
91
is the y - axis horizontal or vertical?
vertical
92
what is the most important things in graphs?
title the entire graph title the x - axis title the y - axis

Biol B1 Unit 1 (17 decks)

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