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Biol B1 Unit 1 > digestive system > Flashcards

digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

why do organisms eat

A

for energy

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2
Q

chemical energy is in

A

bonds
sugar – cellular respiration – ATP

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3
Q

what is the monomer of carbohydrates

A

sugar

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4
Q

what is the monomer of protein

A

amino acid

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5
Q

what is the monomer of lipids

A

glycerol
fatty acid

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6
Q

what is the monomer of nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

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7
Q

in feeding strategies structure matches

A

function

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8
Q

anatomy matches

A

physiology

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9
Q

suspension or filter feeders eat by

A

opening mouth and moving
think casting out a net

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10
Q

what are some examples of filter feeders

A

whales
sea cucumber

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11
Q

grazers or substrate feeders eat

A

by grazing while walking
usually primary consumers

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12
Q

what are some examples of grazers

A

donkey, cow, deer

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13
Q

fluid feeders eat by

A

drinking their food

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14
Q

what are some examples of fluid feeders

A

humming birds
ticks
bees

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15
Q

how do bulk feeders eat

A

by eating food in whole or large chunks

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16
Q

what are examples of bulk feeders

A

humans
snakes
lions

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17
Q

what is the most common type of feeder

A

bulk feeders

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18
Q

what are the 4 stages of food processing in order

A

indegestion
digestion
absorbtion
elimination

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19
Q

what is a dead end digestion track

A

ingestion through mouth and elimination through the same mouth

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20
Q

digestive tracts can vary

A

in length and size dependening what it eats

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21
Q

what has longer intestines compared to her carnivores

A

herbivores

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22
Q

what is the general pathway for the digestive tract in order

A

oral cavity
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
anus

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23
Q

the oral cavity is responsible for

A

injestion
digestion

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24
Q

the oral cavity is connected to

A

respitory system

25
Q

what position is the epiglottis in when eating

A

up

26
Q

what position is the epiglottis in when swallowing

A

down

27
Q

what does choking do

A

food blocks path to trachea

28
Q

in the esophagus, what is the mane for the motion moving food down the digestive tract

A

peristalsis

29
Q

in the esophagus, what contracts food into pockets

A

sphincter

30
Q

the stomach is severely

A

acidic

31
Q

what produces mucus that protects your stomach lining from your stomach acids

A

gastric glands

32
Q

digestive juices in your stomach =

A

enzymes

33
Q

what does pepsin do

A

breaks down proteins, amino acids, lipids

34
Q

what is an ulcer

A

holes that allow stomach acid to attack the stomach walls

35
Q

what parts of the digestion happen in the stomach

A

digestion

36
Q

what parts of digestion happens in the small instestines

A

digestion
absorbtion

37
Q

where does most digestion occur

A

small intestintes

38
Q

the small intestines is connected to

A

liver
gallbladder
pancreas

39
Q

how long are human small intestines

A

20 ftw

40
Q

what is bile

A

enzymatic juices that helps bread down proteins, fats, carbs

41
Q

villi helps

A

absorption of nutrients
maximizing surface area for efficency

42
Q

the large intestine absorbs

A

water and salt

43
Q

how long is the large intestine

A

5 ft

44
Q

what part of digestion happens in the large intestines

A

absorption

45
Q

in the anus, what regulates defecation

A

sphincters

46
Q

which sphincter do you learn to control through potty training

A

2nd

47
Q

what is the part of digestion that happens in the anus

A

elimination

48
Q

what happens during acid reflux

A

stomach acids flows into esophagus because sphincter is not closed properly

49
Q

what are symptoms of acid refulx

A

chest pain
heart burn

50
Q

what is treatment for acid reflux

A

anti acids

51
Q

what is celiac disease

A

sensitvity to gluten
immune system attacks small intestines villi

52
Q

what are symptoms of celiac disease

A

fatigue
bloating
anemia

53
Q

what is the treatment for Celiac disease

A

avoiding gluten

54
Q

what is gallstones

A

when hardened deposits form in gall bladder

55
Q

what are symptoms of gallstones

A

none unless they cause blockages
sudden intense pain in abdomen
pain in right shoulder or back

56
Q

what is the treatment for gallstones

A

surgical removal

57
Q

what is a c difficile infection

A

bacteria species takes over large intestines
often after using antiobiotics

58
Q

what are symptoms of c difficile infection

A

watery diaarrhea
fever
dehydration
cramping
kidney failure

59
Q

what is the treatment for c difficile infection

A

fecal transplant

Biol B1 Unit 1 (17 decks)

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