Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biol B1 Unit 1 > Energy and Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Energy and Cellular Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

what does ATP stand for?

A

adenosine triphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is ATP?

A

the primary energy currency of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does ATP power?

A

the majority of cellular reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does ATP convert to?

A

ADP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does ADP stand for?

A

adenosine diphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

A

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 —-> 6CO2 + 6H20 + -32ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the other form for aerobic cellular respiration?

A

glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water +ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the reactants in aerobic cellular respiration

A

glucose and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the products in aerobic cellular respiration

A

carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how many steps are there to create ATP

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the first step to create ATP

A

glycolisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does glycolisis happen at

A

the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is step 2 to create ATP

A

citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the 3rd and final step to create ATP

A

electron transport cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

do all cells do all 3 steps

A

no: all do glycolisis but not all 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the products of aerobic cellular respiration

A

2- ATP
2- NADH
2- Pyruvate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is NADH

A

stored potential energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happens in glycolsis

A

glucose is split into 2 pyruvic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where does the 2 Pyruvate get transported to

A

the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is hypoxic

A

when there is no oxygen available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what step do you do if there is no oxygen available for aerobic cellular aspiration

A

fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where does the citric acid cycle occur?

A

in the matrix in the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the extra side step needed for aerobic cellular respiration

A

acetyl co a step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

during acetyl co a step what is the reatants

A

pyruvic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

during the acetyl co a step what is the productts

A

2- CO2
2- acetyl co a
2- NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the product of the citric acid cycle

A

2- FADH2
2- ATP
4- CO2
6- NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what happens in the citric acid cycle

A

cut a carbon and release CO2 and glucose is completely broken to turn into ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

where does the electron transport chain happen

A

in the christae of mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the most important protein in the mitochondria

A

ATP Synthase

30
Q

what only enters the chain

A

the batteries: NADH , NAD+, and FADH2

31
Q

what does the protein hold

A

electrons

32
Q

what is the electrochemical gradient

A

when w atom of H+ is in 1 side of the membrane and electrons bounce along until all converge in the ATP synthase

33
Q

what is ADP vs ATP

A

ADP has 2 phosphates while ATP only has 1

34
Q

what is the final electron accepter

A

oxygen

35
Q

how much ATP does a typical glucose make

A

32

36
Q

what is in glycolysis

A

carbohydrates, some amino acids, and glycerol

37
Q

what is in Pyruvate oxidation

A

fatty acids and some amino acids

38
Q

what is in the citric acid cycle

A

some amino acids

39
Q

what is the order of the steps for cellular aerobic respiration

A

glycolysis
acetyl co a
citric acid cycle
electron transport chain

40
Q

what generates ATP without oxygen

A

anaerobic cellular respiration

41
Q

in fermentation what can pyruvic acid convert to

A

lactic acid
ethanol

42
Q

does fermentation reproduce ATP

A

no but recharges batteries

43
Q

what are is the steps for fermentation

A

glycolysis —> fermentation —-> product

44
Q

what gets converted in fermentation

A

glucose to 2 pryruvate to 2 lactate/ ethanol + CO2

45
Q

what is energy

A

the capacity to do work

46
Q

what is potential energy

A

stored energy

47
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

energy in motion

48
Q

what are examples of kinetic energy

A

mechanical energy
thermal energy
light energy

49
Q

what is the 1st law of thermodynamics

A

total amount of enegy in the universe is constant and conserved: can not be destroyed or created

50
Q

what is the name of the 1st law of thermodynamics

A

law of conservation of energy

51
Q

what is the 2nd law of thermodynamics

A

conversion of energy is not 100 percent efficient : in conversion you lose some energy through the form of heat

52
Q

what is the name for the 2nd law of thermodynamics

A

the law of entropy

53
Q

what is heat energy

A

energy transferred from 1 system to another that is not work

54
Q

what is the perpetual motion machine

A

a closed system that makes one input source that makes the machine to be self reliant

55
Q

what is store energy

A

use of energy to create large molecules that are stored for later

56
Q

does a perpetual motion machine exist in real life

A

no and never

57
Q

what is use energy

A

release of energy by breaking large molecules and require some activation energy

58
Q

what is an anabolism

A

small molecules built into large molecules

59
Q

what is a catabolism

A

large molecules that break down into small ones

60
Q

what is cellular respiration

A

makes ATP through the break down of glucose

61
Q

what is the equation for aerobic cellular respiration

A

C6 H12 06 + 602 = 6 CO2 + 6H20

62
Q

what are the inputs for aerobic cellular respiration

A

glucose and oxygen

63
Q

what are the outputs for aerobic cellular respiration

A

carbon dioxide
water
energy
heat

64
Q

what happens when a phosphate group is broken off from ATP

A

converts to ADP

65
Q

what occurs during glycolysis

A

glucose is broken down to pyruvate acid and charges up batteries NADH and make 2 ATP

66
Q

what occurs during the citric acid cycle step

A

completely strips the carbons to release CO2 and makes more batteries NADH and FADH2 and a little bit of ATP

67
Q

what occurs during the electron transport chain

A

converts the potential energy in the batteries NADH + FADH2 into more ATP

68
Q

where does lactic acid fermentation occur

A

in the cytoplasm of muscle cells or by bacteria (yogurt)

69
Q

what occurs during lactic acid fermentation

A

pyruvic acid produced after glycolysis is converted to lactic acid and you also produce NAD+

70
Q

where does alcohol fermentation occur

A

cytoplasm of yeast cells

71
Q

what occurs during the alcohol fermentation

A

pyruvic acid produced after glycolysis is converted to ethanol and CO2 (carbon dioxide) and you produce NAD+

Biol B1 Unit 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions