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Biol B1 Unit 1 > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

what does a circulatory system do

A

main transportation system for your entire body

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2
Q

what does the circulatory system transport

A

oxygen
carbon dioxide
hormones
nutrients
immune cells
waste

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3
Q

is an open circulatory system efficent

A

no because blood seeps into the tissue

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4
Q

in closed circulatory systems you blood is always found where

A

in tubing

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5
Q

what is included in the human circulatory system

A

heart
blood vessels
heart

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6
Q

what are some types of blood vessels

A

arteries
capillaries
veins

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7
Q

the heart pumps

A

your bloodb

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8
Q

blood vessels transport

A

your blood

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9
Q

human heart is made up of how many chambers

A

4

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10
Q

what seperates the chambers in your heart

A

valves

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11
Q

the valves prevent what to you heart

A

backflow

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12
Q

what are the name of the 4 chambers of your heart

A

right atrium
right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle

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13
Q

red =

A

oxygenated blood

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14
Q

blue =

A

deoxygenated blood

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15
Q

how does blood flow on the left side of the heart

A

oxygenated blood goes from the lungs to the left atrium
then to left ventircle
then out to the body
then goes to the right side of the heart

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16
Q

how does deoxygenated blood flow on the right side of the heart

A

the blood comes from the body to the right atrium
then to the right ventricle
then back out to the body
to be entered again to the left side of the heart

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17
Q

when the heart muscles relaxes blood

A

is filling the atriums

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18
Q

when the heart muscle constricts

A

blood is being pushed into ventricles (1st heartbeat)

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19
Q

the oxygenated side of the heart is the

A

left side

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20
Q

the deoxygenated side of the heart is the

A

right side

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21
Q

on the 2nd beat of the heart the valves

A

close and stops blood from flowing backwards
ventricles contract and blood is pushed out of the heart
then valves shut

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22
Q

when the atria relaxes

A

the cycle repeats

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23
Q

what does our natural pacemaker do

A

generates electrical impulses
impulses spread through atria
impulses reach ventricles

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24
Q

muscle contractions are regulated by

A

our natural pacemaker

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25
Q

what is an EKG

A

electrocardiogram
measures heartbeats

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26
Q

what are the nodes for natural pacemaker

A

SA
VA

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27
Q

what is an arrhythmia

A

heart beat irregularity

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28
Q

what are symptoms of arrhythmia

A

tired
dizzy
pain in chest

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29
Q

what is the solution for arrhytmia

A

artificial pacemaker

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30
Q

what are the symptoms of post heart attack fibrillation (flatlining)

A

electrical signals are not coordinated

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31
Q

what is the solution of post heart attach fibrillation (flatlining)

A

shock from a defribrillator resets heart beat rhythm

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32
Q

where does gas exchange happen

A

lungs

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33
Q

what two circuits are interregulated

A

pulmonary and systemic

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34
Q

what is the pulmonary circuit

A

deoxygenated blood to the lungs
it realases carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen

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35
Q

what is the systemic circuit

A

oxygenated blood to body
picks up carbon dioxide from cells

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36
Q

artieries carries blood

A

away from the heart

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37
Q

artery have what type of blood

A

oxygenated

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38
Q

arteries stretch

A

under pressure

39
Q

what pushes the blood in arteries

A

muscles

40
Q

how does arteries look like

A

thick muscle and elastic fibers

41
Q

veins carries blood

A

towards the heart

42
Q

what regulates flow direction in veins

A

valves

43
Q

what surrounds the veins to push the blood

A

muscles

44
Q

what does Veins look like

A

thin muscle and elastic fibers

45
Q

veins have what type of blood

A

deoxygenated

46
Q

capillaries link

A

arteries with veins

47
Q

capillaries exchange

A

materials between the blood and other body cells

48
Q

how thick is the wall of a capillary

A

1 cell thick

49
Q

what do you think when you think of capillaries

A

tube itself

50
Q

what is the hearts own blood supply called

A

coronary arteries

51
Q

coronary =

A

heart

52
Q

what is in blood

A

oxygen
red blood cells
plasma
carbon dioxide
hormones
platelets
waste
white blood cell

53
Q

blood has how many layers

A

3

54
Q

what is the top layer of blood

A

plasma

55
Q

what is the middle layer of blood

A

buffy coat

56
Q

what is the bottom layer of blood

A

red blood cells

57
Q

what is the function of red blood cells

A

transport oxygen or carbon dioxide

58
Q

why are red blood cells red

A

from hemoglobins when they bind to oxygen or carbon dioxide

59
Q

what is the shape of red blood celss

A

disk shaped or biconcave

60
Q

why are red blood cells disk shaped or biconcave

A

to maximize surface area for efficent latching on

61
Q

red blood cells circulate for

A

120 days

62
Q

how many red blood cells are in 1 drop of blood

A

5 mil

63
Q

red blood cells have no

A

nucleus and organelles

64
Q

erythrocytes is another name for

A

red blood cells

65
Q

where are red blood cells created

A

bone marrow

66
Q

how does red blood cells replicate

A

hematopoietic stem cells

67
Q

what is the main job of blood platelets

A

clotting

68
Q

blood platelets are also known as

A

thrombocytes

69
Q

thrombocytes help repair

A

damaged blood vessels by adhering to their broken edges

70
Q

what is the process of clot formation in order

A

vessel torn
vessel constricts
platelets attach to blood vessel walls
platelets release fibrin
fibrin traps red blood cells
clotting cascade started

71
Q

what is fibrin

A

protein that seals by sticking to each other

72
Q

what is hemophelia

A

severe hemorrhaging and no ability to clot

73
Q

hemophelia is a factor

A

8 mutation

74
Q

white bloods cells are

A

immune cells

75
Q

what are the 2 main white blood cells

A

lymphocytes and macrophages

76
Q

our bodies will fight anthing

A

foriegn

77
Q

blood type o

A

has no protiens attatched
(null)

78
Q

Rh factor is

A

+

79
Q

no Rh is

A

-

80
Q

the + or - on blood types signify

A

additional protein on blood cells

81
Q

why is knowing blood types important

A

blood donation

82
Q

blood type o- is considered

A

universal donor

83
Q

blood type ab+ is considered

A

universal acceptor

84
Q

what is an artery blockage

A

blocks oxygen to part of the heart muscle

85
Q

artery blockage can create

A

plaque

86
Q

what are symptoms of artery blockage

A

pain in chest
nasuea
shortness of breath
cold sweats

87
Q

what is the solution to artery blockage

A

go to the hospital

88
Q

what is prevention of artery blockage

A

good diet
excersize

89
Q

when an artery is blocked or ruptured in a brain can cause a

A

stroke

90
Q

lack of oxygen to the brain cells can cause a

A

stroke

91
Q

what are symptoms of a stroke

A

confusion
loss of movement
loss of vision

92
Q

what is prevention of a stroke

A

good diet
excersizewh

93
Q
A

Biol B1 Unit 1 (17 decks)

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