Understanding infectious diseases

Question 1

Infectious diseases are caused by what?

Answer 1

Infectious diseases are caused by organisms or viruses that enter and multiply within the human body.

Question 2

Most disease-causing organisms and viruses are what?

Answer 2

Most disease-causing organisms and viruses are so small that they can only be seen through a microscope.

Question 3

What are microorganisms?

Answer 3

Organisms that are so small that they can only be seen through a microscope are called microorganisms.

Question 4

What are Microorganisms and viruses that cause diseases called?

Answer 4

pathogens

Question 5

What can pathogens do when they enter the body?

Answer 5

Pathogens can cause an infectious disease when they enter your body and multiply.

Question 6

What are four types of pathogens?

Answer 6

bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans.

Question 7

Where does bacteria live? Are most bacteria pathogens? How does bacteria injure cells?

Answer 7

Bacteria live in air, soil, food, and in and on the bodies of plants and animals, including you. Although most bacteria are not pathogens, some bacteria injure cells by giving off poisons called toxins.

Question 8

What are virues and how do they affect the body?

Answer 8

Viruses can multiply only after entering a living cell. The virus then takes over the cell’s reproductive mechanisms, resulting in cell damage or death.

Question 9

What is fungi? What are some examples of fungi?Where do fungi best live in?

Answer 9

Fungi are organisms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms that best grow in warm, dark, moist areas.

Question 10

What are Protozoans? They have to ablity to do what?

Answer 10

Protozoans have the ability to move through fluids in search of food.

Question 11

What diseases do bacteria cause?

Answer 11

• step thoart
• lyme disease
• anthrax
• tuberculosis
• cholera
• diptheria
• pertussis
• tetanus
• typhoid fever
• staph infection
• food posining

Question 12

What diseases do virues cause?

Answer 12

• common cold
• hepatitis
• chickenpox
• measles
• mononucleosis
• mumps
• polio
• rabies
• rubella
• West Nile Virus
• influenza

Question 13

What diseases does fungi cause?

Answer 13

• athletes foot
• ringworm

Question 14

What diseases does protozoans cause?

Answer 14

• malaria
• amebic dysentery
• African sleeping sickness

Question 15

Describe how people could possibly get a pathogens disease by touching objects?

Answer 15

Some pathogens can survive for a period of time outside a person’s body. These pathogens can be spread from person to person on objects such as doorknobs, eating utensils, towels, and needles used for body piercings and tattoos.

Question 16

Describe how people could possibly get a pathogens disease by food?

Answer 16

Some pathogens are naturally present in food and soil. Properly cooking certain foods can help kill any bacteria that are present. Sometimes, water and food become contaminated with pathogens from infected people. Food poisoning occurs when food is prepared or handled incorrectly. Food safety can be a huge defense in protecting yourself from food poisoning. What are some food safety rules that you already follow in your house?

Question 17

food saftey rules:

Answer 17

• Always clean countertops and wash your hands before preparing food.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating or cooking them.
• Cook meats thoroughly.
• Promptly clean countertops and wash your hands after handling raw meat and eggs.

Question 18

What is a virus? How are viruses different from bacteria?

Answer 18

A virus is the smallest kind of pathogen. Unlike most bacteria, a virus can multiply only after entering a living cell.

Question 19

What are some ways infectious disease may be spread through human contact?

Answer 19

Colds can be spread through handshakes, cold sores can be transmitted through kissing, HIV and hepatitis B can be spread through sexual contact, and influenza and chickenpox can be transmitted by inhaling tiny droplets released through an infected person’s cough or sneeze.

Question 20

What are some ways infectious disease may be spread through animal bites?

Answer 20

Infected dogs, bats, and raccoons can transmit rabies, infected ticks can transmit Lyme disease, and infected mosquitoes can transmit malaria.

Question 21

What are some ways infectious disease may be spread through objects?

Answer 21

Some pathogens can survive for some time outside of a person’s body on objects. If you touch an object and then touch your eyes, mouth, or food, you can become infected. This is why it is important to wash your hands often, especially before eating

Question 22

What are some ways infectious disease may be spread through food?

Answer 22

Salmonella can live in poultry and eggs, E. coli can live in beef, and tetanus can live in soil. Cooking foods thoroughly kills the bacteria, and refrigerating foods prevents bacteria from growing. Pathogens can also live in drinking water if it becomes contaminated.