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UE Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What comes from the cervical plexus of nerves?

A

3 Supraclavicular nerves (C3 and C4)

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2
Q

What does the supraclavicular nerves innervate?

A

Skin of neck and shoulder

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3
Q

What spinal roots are involved in the brachial plexus?

A

Anterior rami of C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

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4
Q

What nerve does the root C5 create?

A

Dorsal scapular N. - Layer 2 back muscles

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5
Q

What nerve does the root of C5, C6, C7 create?

A

Long thoracic N. - Serratus Anterior m.

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6
Q

What are the trunks?

A

Superior trunk, middle trunk, inferior trunk

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7
Q

What anterior rami create the superior trunk?

A

C5, C6

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8
Q

What anterior rami create the middle trunk?

A

C7

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9
Q

What anterior rami create the inferior trunk?

A

C8, T1

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10
Q

What nerves does the superior trunk create?

A

Suprascapular and nerve to subclavius

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11
Q

What is included in the lateral cord?

A

C5, C6, C7

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12
Q

What is included in the posterior cord?

A

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

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13
Q

What is included in the medial cord?

A

C8, T1

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14
Q

What is created from the lateral cord?

A

Lateral pectoral N. (C5, C6, C7)- Pectoralis Major

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15
Q

What is created from the posterior cord?

A

Superior subscapular and inferior subscapular (C5,C6)

Thoracodorsal N. (C6,C7,C8)

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16
Q

What does the superior subscapular nerve innervate?

A

Subscapularis

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17
Q

What does the inferior subscapular nerve innervate?

A

Subscapularis and teres major

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18
Q

What does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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19
Q

What is created from the medial cord?

A

(C8, T1) - medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous nerve and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

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20
Q

What does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?

A

Pectoralis minor and pectoralis major

21
Q

What does the medial brachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Medial skin of arm

22
Q

What does the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Medial skin of the forearm

23
Q

What are the terminal branches of the lateral cord?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve and the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

24
Q

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis

25
Q

What does the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Skin of lateral forearm

26
Q

What are the terminal branches of the posterior cord?

A

Axillary nerve and radial nerve

27
Q

What does the axillary nerve create?

A

Superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

28
Q

What does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

Deltoid and teres minor

29
Q

What are the terminal branches of the medial cord?

A

Ulnar nerve

30
Q

What does a terminal branch of the lateral cord and a terminal branch of the medial cord join to create?

A

Median Nerve

31
Q

What makes up the “M”

A

Musculocutaneous nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve

32
Q

Upper plexus injury is caused from what and affects what?

A

Increasing angle between neck and shoulder; C5 and C6

33
Q

What is an upper plexus injury known as

A

Erb-duchenne palsy - arm is ADducted, medially rotated and elbow extended = waiter’s tip position

34
Q

Lower plexus injury is caused from what?

A

Increasing angle between trunk and upper limb

35
Q

What results from a lower plexus injury?

A

Klumpke paralysis when trying to make a fist = claw hand

36
Q

Brachial cord compression

A

Results from working for an extended amount of time with the upper limb over head; results in pain, loss of sensation, weakness in limb

37
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve injury

A

Results from trauma; renders anterior brachial muscles paralyzed

38
Q

Axillary nerve injury

A

Renders deltoid, teres minor paralyzed and results in loss of sensation at superolateral arm due to the axillary nerve creating the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

39
Q

Median nerve injury

A

Results in thumb ADducted, thenar eminence atrophy and if injury is at elbow, will not be able to flex 2nd and 3rd digits = apes hand or hand of benediction

40
Q

What results from ulnar nerve injury?

A

Klumpke paralysis = claw hand

41
Q

Handlebar neuropathy

A

Results from pressure on hamulus of hamate like when riding a bike = loss of sensation on medial side of hand

42
Q

Radial nerve injury

A

Wrist drop = loss of elbow extension, thumb abduction and extension

43
Q

What provides sensation at the uppermost medial brachial aspect and is from T2?

A

Intercostobrachial nerve

44
Q

C8 dermatome

A

Medial hand and 5th digit

45
Q

C7 dermatome

A

Central hand

46
Q

C6 dermatome

A

Lateral hand including pollex and lateral antebrachium

47
Q

C5 dermatome

A

Over deltoid

48
Q

T1 dermatome

A

medial brachium

MSK1 (29 decks)

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