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MSK1 > Back Angiology and Neurology > Flashcards

Back Angiology and Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Branching of Aortic Arch

A

Aortic arch - subclavian A.
Subclavian A - vertebral A.
Subclavian A - Thyrcervical trunk - Transverse Cervical A. - Trapezius m.
Subclavian A. - Dorsal scapular A. - Layer 2 back muscles

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2
Q

Importance of vertebral A.

A

Travels superiorly in the transverse foramen of C6-C1, exits the foramen at the Atlas, crosses the posterior arch (seen in the floor of occipital triangle), then branches to create spinal arteries and paraspinal arteries.

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3
Q

Spinal arteries

A

1 anteriorly, 2 posteriorly that travel inferiorly on spinal cord = TINY

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4
Q

What does the subclavian A. become?

A

The axillary A. once it passes the 1st rib

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5
Q

Axillary A.

A

Branches to become the subscapular A - Thoracodorsal A – innervates the Latissimus Dorsi m.

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6
Q

What do paraspinal arteries do?

A

Make many different branches that supply vertebrae, meninges and spinal cord directly

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7
Q

3 paraspinal A. that are NOT spinal branches

A

Equatorial branch (supplies vertebral body), periosteal branch (supplies outer bone of vertebrae), Dorsal branch (supplies spinous processes)

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8
Q

Spinal branch

A

Enters vertebral foramen to interact with spinal cord via posterior and anterior spinal A. and branch

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9
Q

Posterior and Anterior radicular A.

A

DO NOT meet up with spinal arteries

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10
Q

Spinal branch becomes

A

Anterior/posterior vertebral canal branch, Anterior/posterior radicular A., Anterior/posterior segmental medullary A. = all supply blood to vertebral column and spinal cord

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11
Q

Posterior and Anterior segmental medullary A.

A

DO interact with the spinal arteries

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12
Q

8 blood vessels that produce paraspinal arteries

A

Vertebral, Ascending Cervical, Deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar, iliolumbar, lateral sacral A.

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13
Q

Spinal cord injury at C1-C3

A

Cannot use any limbs, on ventilator to breath manually

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14
Q

Spinal cord injury at C4-5

A

Cannot use any limbs, can breathe on their own

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15
Q

Spinal cord injury at C6-7

A

Limited upper extremity function

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16
Q

Spinal cord injury at T1-9

A

No lower extremity function

17
Q

Spinal cord injury at T10-L1

A

Limited lower extremity function

18
Q

Spinal cord injury at L2-L3

A

Can more than likely walk with assistance

19
Q

Spinal cord length

A

2/3 of vertebral column then tapers off at L2/3 to form medullary cone(tapered spinal cord)

20
Q

Spinal cord swelling

A

Larger at cervical and lumbar regions

21
Q

What are meninges

A

Coverings that surround brain and spinal cord

22
Q

3 most common meninges

A

Dura matter, Arachnoid matter, Pia matter

23
Q

Dura matter

A

Outermost, and toughest material, right inside the epidural matter

24
Q

Arachnoid matter

A

Membrane that holds cerebrospinal fluid in subarachnoid space

25
Q

Pia matter

A

Directly on spinal cord

26
Q

Lumbar cistern

A

Space after spinal cord stops, still houses cerebrospinal fluid - best place for lumbar punctures

27
Q

Filum Terminale Internum

A

Pia matter thread that continues even after spinal cord stops. Surrounded by lumbar cistern.

28
Q

Filum Terminale Externum

A

Pia matter thread plus a dura matter shield around it, after lumbar cistern stopped

29
Q

Denticulate ligament

A

made of pia matter

30
Q

Posterior horn

A

Posterior rootlets - posterior root - spinal ganglion - combines with anterior root to form spinal nerve

31
Q

Anterior horn

A

Anterior rootlets - Anterior root - spinal ganglion - combines with posterior root to form spinal nerve

32
Q

spinal nerve

A

exits vertebral foramen and branches into posterior rami and anterior rami

33
Q

Posterior Rami superiorly becomes

A

Suboccipital nerve (C1), Greater occipital nerve (C2), Least occipital nerve (C3)

34
Q

Posterior Rami inferiorly becomes

A

Superior (L1-3) and Middle Cluneal nerves (S1-3)

35
Q

Posterior Rami innervates

A

skin and muscles of back

36
Q

Articular branch(off of medial branch) of posterior rami

A

innervates zygapophyseal joints

37
Q

Medial and lateral branches of posterior rami

A

Both have muscular and cutaneous branches to innervate the back muscles and skin of back

38
Q

5 most common causes of back pain

A

Fibroskeletal structures (ligaments), synovial joints, meninges, intrinsic back muscles, spinal nerves and nerve roots

MSK1 (29 decks)

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