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MSK1 > UE Myology - Shoulder to Brachium > Flashcards

UE Myology - Shoulder to Brachium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles in the thoracoappendicular group?

A

Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius and serratus anterior

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2
Q

Origin, insertion and innervation of pectoralis major

A

O: Anterior clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, aponeuroses external abdominal oblique
I: Lateral edge of intertubercular groove of humerus
IN: Medial AND Lateral pectoral nerves

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3
Q

What are the actions of the pectoralis major

A

ADduct and medially rotate humerus
Protract and depress scapula
Flex humerus and extend flexed humerus

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4
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of pectoralis minor

A

O: Ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process
IN: Medial pectoral Nerve
Action: Stabilize scapula - protract and depress

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5
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of subclavius

A

O: 1st rib (costochondral joint)
I: Subclavian groove of inferior clavicle
IN: Nerve to subclavius
Action: Stabilize and depress clavicle

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6
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of serratus anterior

A

O: Lateral surface of ribs 1-8
I: Anterior surface medial border of scapula
IN: Long thoracic nerve
Action: Protract and stabilize scapula against thoracic wall, rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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7
Q

Winging of scapula

A

Paralysis of serratus anterior or injury to long thoracic nerve causes scapula to wing away from thoracic wall
Makes ABducting upper limb difficult

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8
Q

What muscles from the back act on the scapula or humerus?

A

Layer 1 - Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Layer 2 - Levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, rhomboid major

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9
Q

What are the scapulohumeral muscles?

A

Deltoid, subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major

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10
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of deltoid

A

O: Lateral clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
IN: Axillary nerve

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11
Q

What are the actions of the deltoid?

A

Anterior: Flex and medially rotate humerus
Medial: ABduct humerus
Posterior: Extend and laterally rotate humerus

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12
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation, and action of subscapularis

A

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
IN: Superior and inferior subscapular nerves
Action: ADduct and medially rotate humerus, hold humeral head in the glenoid cavity

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13
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of supraspinatus

A

O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle
IN: Suprascapular Nerve
Action: ABduct humerus

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14
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of infraspinatus

A

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle
IN: Suprascapular nerve
Action: Laterally rotate humerus

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15
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of teres minor

A

O: Lateral border scapula
I: Greater tubercle
IN: Axillary nerve
Action: Laterally rotate humerus

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16
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of teres major

A

O: Inferior angle scapula
I: Medial edge of intertubercular groove of humerus
IN: Inferior subscapular nerve
Action: Medially rotate and ADduct humerus

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17
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor

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18
Q

Which muscle in the rotator cuff is most commonly injured?

A

Supraspinatus

19
Q

What is the purpose of the rotator cuff?

A

Stabilize glenohumeral joint! Keep humeral head in the glenoid cavity

20
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the brachium?

A

Coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii (long and short head)

21
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of coracobrachialis

A

O: coracoid process
I: Medial aspect in the middle of the humerus
IN: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action: Flex humerus (arm) and ADduct

22
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of brachialis

A

O: Distal humeral body
I: Coronoid process of ulna and ulnar tuberosity
IN: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action: Flex forearm

23
Q

What are the heads of the biceps brachii and what are their origins?

A

Long head - O = Supraglenoid tubercle

Short head - O = Coracoid process

24
Q

Insertion, innervation and action of biceps brachii

A

I: Radial tuberosity and antebrachial fasica via bicipital aponeurosis
IN: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action: Flex humerus, flex supine forearm, supinate forearm
(short head can resist shoulder dislocation)

25
Q

How do you elicit the bicipital myotactic reflex and what happens?

A

Place thumb over bicipital tendon and strike it with reflex hammer - forearm should flex slightly

26
Q

What is the bicipital myotactic reflex testing?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve or C5/C6 anterior rami

27
Q

What is biceps tendinitis?

A

Repetitive movement of the tendon of long head biceps brachii within the intertubercular groove can make it susceptible to inflammation or crepitus

28
Q

What is crepitus

A

Crackling sound

29
Q

What is a popeye deformity?

A

When the tendon of long head biceps brachii dislocates from the intertubercular groove or even separates completely from the supraglenoid tubercle;
causes the muscle to BALL UP in the middle of the arm!!

30
Q

What are the posterior compartment muscles in the brachium?

A

Triceps brachii and anconeus

31
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of anconeus

A

O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: Lateral aspect of olecranon
IN: Radial nerve
Action: Extend forearm and stabilize elbow joint

32
Q

What are the three heads of the triceps brachii?

A

Long head, lateral head, medial head

33
Q

Origin of long head triceps brachii

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

34
Q

Origin of lateral head triceps brachii

A

Posterior humerus superior to radial groove

35
Q

Origin of medial head triceps brachii

A

Posterior humerus inferior to radial groove

36
Q

Insertion, innervation, action of triceps brachii

A

I: Olecranon
IN: Radial nerve
Action: extend forearm (long head - resists shoulder dislocation)

37
Q

What muscles resist shoulder dislocation in the brachial muscles?

A

Short head of biceps brachii and long head of triceps brachii

38
Q

What muscles make up the triangular space?

A

Teres minor, teres major, long head triceps brachii

39
Q

What is housed in the triangular space?

A

Circumflex scapular A. and V.

40
Q

What muscles make up the quadrangular space?

A

Teres minor, teres major, long head and lateral head of triceps brachii

41
Q

What is housed in the quadrangular space?

A

Posterior humeral circumflex A. and V. and axillary nerve

42
Q

What muscles make up the triangular interval?

A

Teres major, long head and lateral head of triceps brachii

43
Q

What is housed in the triangular interval?

A

Deep brachial A. and V. and radial nerve

MSK1 (29 decks)

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