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MSK1 > UE Myology - Antebrachium - Hand > Flashcards

UE Myology - Antebrachium - Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superficial flexors in the antebrachium?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

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2
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator teres

A

O: Medial humeral epicondyle and coronoid process
I: Lateral aspect of radius
IN: Median nerve
Action: pronate and flex forearm

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3
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of palmaris longus

A

O: Medial humeral epicondyle
I: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
IN: Median nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and tense palmar aponeurosis

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4
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi radialis

A

O: medial humeral epicondyle
I: base of 2nd metacarpal
IN: median nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and ABduct hand at wrist

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5
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

O: Medial humeral epicondyle and Olecranon process of ulna
I: Base of 5th metacarpal, pisiform and hook of hamate
IN: Ulnar nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and ADduct hand at wrist

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6
Q

What muscle is in the intermediate flexor layer of the antebrachium?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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7
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

O: Medial humeral epicondyle, coronoid process, anterosuperior radius
I: Bifed insertion of middle phalanges 2-5
IN: Median nerve
Action: Flex forearm, flex wrist, flex metacarpophalangeal joints and flex proximal interphalangeal joints

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8
Q

Describe the bifed attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon on digits 2-5 (middle phalanx)

A

The tendon splits and attaches on both sides of the proximal interphalangeal joints on the middle phalanges. It allows the tendon for flexor digitorum profundus to run through it.

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9
Q

What muscles are in the deep flexor layer of the antebrachium?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Flexor Pollicis Longus, Pronator Quadratus

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10
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum profundus

A

O: Proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanges 2-5
IN: Medial portion = ulnar nerve
Lateral portion = Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist, flex metacarpophalangeal joints, flex proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

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11
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor pollicis longus

A

O: Interosseous membrane and anterior radius
I: 1st distal phalanx of pollex
IN: Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist, flex 1st metacarpophalangeal joint and flex 1st interphalangeal joint

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12
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator quadratus

A

O: Distal radius
I: Distal ulna
IN: Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: pronate forearm

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13
Q

What are the superficial extensor muscles in the antebrachiam?

A

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

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14
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of brachioradialis

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: lateral aspect of distal radius
IN: Radial nerve
Action: Flex forearm

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15
Q

When does the brachioradialis have the most forst?

A

Mid-pronation

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16
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge
I: Dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
IN: Radial Nerve
Action: Extend and ABduct wrist

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17
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
IN: Deep radial nerve
Action: Extend and ABduct hand at wrist

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18
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digitorum

A

O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: Extensor expansion of digits 2-5
IN: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action: Extend hand at wrist, extend digits 2-5 at metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

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19
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digiti minimi

A

O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of digit 5
IN: posterior interosseous nerve
Action: extend all joints and phalanges of digit 5

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20
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
IN: Posterior interosseous
Action: Extend and ADduct hand at wrist

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21
Q

What superficial extensors are innervated by the radial nerve?

A

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

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22
Q

What superficial extensors are innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve?

A

Extensor digitorum, extensor digit minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

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23
Q

What results from excessive use of superficial extensor antebrachial muscles

A

Tennis elbow or golfers elbow

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24
Q

What is tennis elbow

A

Lateral epicondylitis

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25
Q

What is golfers elbow

A

Medial epicondylitis

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26
Q

What are the deep extensor muscles in the antebrachium?

A

Supinator and extensor indicis

27
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of supinator

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle and supinator crest of ulna
I: proximal radius
IN: deep radial nerve
Action: supinate forearm

28
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor indicis

A

O: Distal ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit
IN: posterior interosseous
Action: extend 2nd digit and extend wrist

29
Q

What are the outcropping muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

30
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor pollicis longus

A

O: proximal ulna, interosseous membrane, radius
I: 1st metacarpal
IN: posterior interosseous nerve
Action: ABduct pollex

31
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor pollicis longus

A

O: interosseous membrane and posterior radius
I: 1st distal phalanx
IN: posterior interosseous nerve
Action: extend pollex and ABduct hand

32
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor pollicis brevis

A

O: Interosseous membrane and radius
I: 1st proximal phalanx
IN: posterior interosseous nerve
Action: extend pollex and ABduct hand

33
Q

What creates the snuff box?

A

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

34
Q

What creates the lateral border of the snuff box?

A

Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

35
Q

What creates the medial border of the snuff box?

A

Extensor pollicis brevis

36
Q

What runs in the snuff box?

A

Radial A. and superficial radial nerve

37
Q

Where is the thenar eminence

A

Thumb

38
Q

Where is the hypothenar eminence

A

Pinky

39
Q

What muscles are in the thenar eminence?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis and adductor pollicis

40
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

O: Tubercle of scaphoid and trapezium
I: 1st proximal phalanx
IN: recurrent branch median nerve
Action: ABduct pollex

41
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of opponens pollicis

A

O: Tubercle of scaphoid and trapezium
I: lateral 1st metacarpal
IN: recurrent branch of median nerve
Action: Oppose 1st digit

42
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor pollicis brevis

A 
O: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
I: 1st proximal phalanx
IN: Superficial head = recurrent branch median nerve
     Transverse head = Deep ulnar nerve
Action: flex pollex
43
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of adductor pollicis

A 
O: Oblique head = capitate, 2nd, 3rd metacarpals
    Transverse head = 3rd metacarpal 
I: 1st proximal phalanx (medial aspect)
IN: Deep ulnar nerve
Action: ADduct pollex
44
Q

Which thenar muscles are innervated by the recurrent branch of median nerve?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, and the superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis

45
Q

Which thenar muscles are innervated by the deep ulnar nerve?

A

Deep head of flexor pollicis brevis and adductor pollicis (oblique and transverse heads)

46
Q

What muscles are in the hypothenar eminence?

A

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi

47
Q

How many muscles are in the thenar eminence?

A

4

48
Q

How many muscles are in the hypothenar eminence?

A

3

49
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor digiti minimi

A

O: pisiform
I: Medial side of 5th proximal phalanx
IN: deep ulnar nerve
Action: ABduct pinky

50
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

O: hook of the hamate
I: Medial aspect of 5th proximal phalanx
IN: deep ulnar nerve
Action: flex 5th proximal phalanx

51
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of opponens digiti minimi

A

O: hook of hamate
I: 5th metacarpal
IN: deep ulnar nerve
Action: oppose 5th digit

52
Q

For both the thenar and hypothenar eminence, after the top muscles are reflected what do you see?

A

Opponens pollicis and opponens digiti minimi!

53
Q

What are the intermediate hand muscles?

A

1-4 lumbricals, palmar and dorsal interossei

54
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of 1st and 2nd lumbricals

A

O: lateral side of lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: extensor expansions of digits 2 and 3 as unipennate muscles!
IN: Median nerve

55
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of 3rd and 4th lumbricals

A

O: Between medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: extensor expansions of digits 4 and 5 as bipennate muscles!
IN: Deep ulnar nerve

56
Q

what is the function of lumbricals

A

Flex at the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend at the proximal interphalangeal joint and distal interphalangeal joint

57
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of palmar interossei

A

O: Medial aspect of 2nd metacarpal and lateral aspect of 4th and 5th metacarpals
I: medial aspect of 2nd proximal phalanx and lateral aspect of 4th and 5th proximal phalanx
IN: deep ulnar nerve

58
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of dorsal interossei

A

O: Adjacent sides of all 5 metacarpals
I: bases of proximal phalanges digits 2-4
IN: deep ulnar nerve

59
Q

Which interossei muscle inserts on both sides of digit 3?

A

Dorsal interossei

60
Q

Function of Palmar interossei?

A

ADduct towards 3rd digit

61
Q

Function of dorsal interossei?

A

ABduct away from 3rd digit position

62
Q

Why are there no pads (palmar interossei) on the 3rd digit?

A

It is the midline!! cannot adduct any closer

63
Q

What is innervated by the recurrent branch of median nerve in the hand?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, superfical head of flexor pollicis brevis and the 1st and 2nd lumbricals

MSK1 (29 decks)

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