UE Myology - Antebrachium - Hand Flashcards
What are the superficial flexors in the antebrachium?
Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator teres
O: Medial humeral epicondyle and coronoid process
I: Lateral aspect of radius
IN: Median nerve
Action: pronate and flex forearm
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of palmaris longus
O: Medial humeral epicondyle
I: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
IN: Median nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and tense palmar aponeurosis
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi radialis
O: medial humeral epicondyle
I: base of 2nd metacarpal
IN: median nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and ABduct hand at wrist
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi ulnaris
O: Medial humeral epicondyle and Olecranon process of ulna
I: Base of 5th metacarpal, pisiform and hook of hamate
IN: Ulnar nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist and ADduct hand at wrist
What muscle is in the intermediate flexor layer of the antebrachium?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum superficialis
O: Medial humeral epicondyle, coronoid process, anterosuperior radius
I: Bifed insertion of middle phalanges 2-5
IN: Median nerve
Action: Flex forearm, flex wrist, flex metacarpophalangeal joints and flex proximal interphalangeal joints
Describe the bifed attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon on digits 2-5 (middle phalanx)
The tendon splits and attaches on both sides of the proximal interphalangeal joints on the middle phalanges. It allows the tendon for flexor digitorum profundus to run through it.
What muscles are in the deep flexor layer of the antebrachium?
Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Flexor Pollicis Longus, Pronator Quadratus
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum profundus
O: Proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanges 2-5
IN: Medial portion = ulnar nerve
Lateral portion = Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist, flex metacarpophalangeal joints, flex proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor pollicis longus
O: Interosseous membrane and anterior radius
I: 1st distal phalanx of pollex
IN: Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: Flex hand at wrist, flex 1st metacarpophalangeal joint and flex 1st interphalangeal joint
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator quadratus
O: Distal radius
I: Distal ulna
IN: Anterior interosseous nerve
Action: pronate forearm
What are the superficial extensor muscles in the antebrachiam?
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of brachioradialis
O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: lateral aspect of distal radius
IN: Radial nerve
Action: Flex forearm
When does the brachioradialis have the most forst?
Mid-pronation
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis longus
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge
I: Dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
IN: Radial Nerve
Action: Extend and ABduct wrist
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis brevis
O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
IN: Deep radial nerve
Action: Extend and ABduct hand at wrist
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digitorum
O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: Extensor expansion of digits 2-5
IN: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action: Extend hand at wrist, extend digits 2-5 at metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digiti minimi
O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of digit 5
IN: posterior interosseous nerve
Action: extend all joints and phalanges of digit 5
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
IN: Posterior interosseous
Action: Extend and ADduct hand at wrist
What superficial extensors are innervated by the radial nerve?
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
What superficial extensors are innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve?
Extensor digitorum, extensor digit minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris
What results from excessive use of superficial extensor antebrachial muscles
Tennis elbow or golfers elbow
What is tennis elbow
Lateral epicondylitis
What is golfers elbow
Medial epicondylitis