Types of Necrosis Flashcards
What are the types of necrosis?
coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, gangrenous, fat, and ulceration
Grossly what does tissue affected with coagulative necrosis look like?
solid, cell and tissue is identifiable, and delayed autolysis (decrease in pH)
Microscopically, what does coagulative necrosis look like?
cytoplasm (homegeneous hypereosinophilic), and pyknotic nuclear change
What causes coagulative necrosis?
hypoxia, cell membrane injury, and toxins
What tissues does coagulative necrosis usually effect?
liver, kidney, muscle, and individual neurons
How would coagulative necrosis resolve?
by fibrosis or scarring
Grossly what does liquefactive necrosis look like?
liquid debris and fluid, the cell and tissue is unidentifiable, cavitation or focal loss of structure
What causes liquefactive necrosis?
hypoxia and bacteria
What tissues are usually effected by liquefactive necrosis?
CNS
What happens to CNS tissues during liquefactive necrosis?
enzymatic destruction, high lipid content, abscess early
Can liquefactive necrosis be resolved?
it depends on how severe it is; if small it’ll be healed by astrocytes, if large it will turn into a fluid filled cyst
Grossly, what does caseous necrosis look like?
solid/semisolid tissue, cells and tissue are unidentifiable, coagulation of debris, looks like cream cheese
What are causes of caseous necrosis?
bacteria
Will caseous necrosis resolve?
unlikely - the lesion creates for a good environment for bacteria to hide out in
What is gangrenous necrosis caused by?
coagulative necrosis + saprophytic bacteria
What are the types of gangrenous necrosis?
wet and dry
What is the difference between wet and dry gangrenous necrosis?
wet has a good blood supply and has bacteria, dry is usually on a distal extremity, mummification, and lacks bacteria
Grossly, what does fat necrosis look like?
nodular, firm, and yellow-brown
What is a secondary lesion caused by fat necrosis?
saponification
What is saponification?
the creation of soapy, salted, crusty, and chalky material from fat
How can fat necrosis resolve?
either by fibrosis or scarring
In the pancreas, what must be intact in order for it to heal and return to normal function?
if the basement membrane is intact
If the basement membrane is not intact in the pancreas, what will happen?
fibrosis
What cell type does ulceration necrosis happen on?
epithelial cells on the epithelial surface
