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Pathology > Lab 6 > Flashcards

Lab 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Can fibrin thrombi form in septal lymphatics?

A

yes, because lymphatics drain lymph and clogging them causes net accumulation of more fluid exudate

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2
Q

This is a slide from a bovine lung.What would the cellular exudate be composed of in this lesion?

A

macrophages, neutrophils, and necrotic alveolar epithelium

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3
Q

This is from a bovine lung. What is the histomorphologic diagnosis for this lesion?

A

acute fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia

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4
Q

Why would this lesion be acute?

A

because the exudate is predominantly neutrophils and fibrin

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5
Q

Why would this lesion be diffuse?

A

because most of the section is affected

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6
Q

Why would this lesion be fibrinopurulent?

A

because of the nature of the exudate

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7
Q

Identify this structure:

A

neutrophils

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8
Q

Identify this structure:

A

fibrin

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9
Q

Identify this structure:

A

interlobular lymphatics with fibrin and hemorrhage

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10
Q

Identify this structure:

A

fibrin thrombi

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11
Q

Identify this structure:

A

neutrophils

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12
Q

Identify this structure:

A

fibrin

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13
Q

What are these cells and what does this imply about the duration?

A

neutrophils which suggests acute inflammation

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14
Q

There are bacterial colonies trapped and proliferating within the capillaries, are they post mortem or are they important in the pathogenesis of the lesions?

A

they are likely antemortem bacteria because they are surrounded by an inflammatory response

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15
Q

What would you term the process of bacteria entering in the blood?

A

bacteremia or septicemia

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16
Q

What is the difference between bacteremia and septicemia?

A

bacteremia can happen without having overt disease, septicemia implies that a severe clinical illness is present

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17
Q

What would the morphologic diagnosis for this lesion?

A

acute purulent glomerulonephritis with bacterial colonies

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18
Q

Identify this structure:

A

bacterial colonies

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19
Q

What is this an area of?

A

congestion

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20
Q

What is this?

A

fibinous thrombosis

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21
Q

This is from the heart of a calf, identify this structure:

A

bacterial septic emboli

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22
Q

What is occuring here?

A

periaortic hemorrhage

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23
Q

This is from the umbilicus of a cat, identify this structure:

A

artery wall

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24
Q

This is from the umbilicus of a calf, What is occuring here?

A

luminal thrombus

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25
Q

Identify this structure:

A

lines of Zahn

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26
Q

What is this?

A

fibrin

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27
Q

What is the pattern of distribution for this lesion?

A

focal

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28
Q

What is the pattern of distribution for this lesion?

A

multifocal

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29
Q

What is the pattern of distribution for this lesion?

A

locally extensive

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30
Q

What is the pattern of distribution for this lesion?

A

diffuse

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31
Q

What is the pattern of distribution for this lesion?

A

multifocal to coalescing

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32
Q

Describe this lesion:

A

multifocal areas of ecchymosis and ulceration throughout the small intestinal tract, erythemic large colon, mildly distended cecum

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33
Q

What are these?

A

multifocal areas of red to purple discoloration (hemorrhage) and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa

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34
Q

What are these?

A

purulent exudate; multifocal areas of the mucosa are covered by a tan to yellow, viscous fluid

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35
Q

What is the medical term used to describe inflammation in the small intestines?

A

enteritis

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36
Q

Name this lesion.

A

acute, multifocal, severe, ulcerative, necropurulent enteritis

37
Q

What is an exudate?

A

fluid, cells, or debris from blood vessels that deposited in or on other tissues

38
Q

What color is exudate commonly?

A

opaque

39
Q

What should the specific gravity for exudate be?

A

greater than 1.020

40
Q

How much protein is usually in viscous fluids that contain exudate?

A

more than 3 grams of protein

41
Q

How many leukocytes are usually in viscous fluids that contain exudate?

A

1500 leukocytes

42
Q

These intestinal lesions are due to an acute process. What sort of cells and protein would you expect to find in the tissue and in the exudate?

A

plasma, complement, fibrinogen, and neutrophils

43
Q

What is happening to these gyri?

A

edema; they are flattened and wider than normal

44
Q

What is happening here?

A

vascular engorgement and hyperemia

45
Q

What is this?

A

tan to yellow, viscous fluid within the meninges

46
Q

What is this?

A

tan to yellow, stringy friable material - fibrin

47
Q

What are the medical terms used to describe inflammation of the meninges and ventricles of the brain?

A

meningitis and ventriculitis

48
Q

What is the morphological diagnosis for the lesion to the brain?

A

acute, diffuse, severe cerebral and cerebellar edema with fibrinous ventriculatis

49
Q

What is the morphological diagnosis for the lesion to the meninges?

A

acute, diffuse, severe fibrinopurulent meningitis

50
Q

Why are the sulci not clearly seen in this case?

A

because there is fibrinous exudate within the meninges

51
Q

What is the exudate in this case composed of?

A

fluid, fibrin, other plasma proteins, and some neutrophils

52
Q

The meninges are diffuse bright red with prominent blood vessels. Why do think the meningeal vessels are engorged with blood?

A

active hyperemia - bacteria ilicit an inflammatory response which lead to vasodilation to increase blood flow to the blood vessels

53
Q

What is the pathogenesis for this lesion?

A

decreased immunity and increased susceptibility leads to exposure to bacteria which leads to septicemia which leads to hematogenous spread to the meninges which leads to colonization which leads to initiation of the acute inflammatory response which leads to meningitis

54
Q

What is this?

A

edema

55
Q

What are 4 causes of a lesion like this?

A

increased microvascular permeability, increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure, decreased intravascular osmotic pressure, decreased lymphatic drainage

56
Q

Explain the lesion for this urethra:

A

locally extensive area of the urethral lumen contains a tan, friable material admixed with purulent exudate, black to purple discoloration and multifocal ulceration in the urethral mucosa, edema, hemorrhage and hyperemia in the soft tissue

57
Q

Explain the lesion for this urinary bladder:

A

multifocal hemorrhages on the mucosal surface of the bladder that extends to the serousal surface, multifocal edematous and friable bladder wall, calculi in the bladder

58
Q

What is this?

A

hemorrhage of the urethral mucosa

59
Q

What is this?

A

viscous exudate

60
Q

What is this?

A

hemorrhage with some tan to yellow exudate

61
Q

What term is used to describe inflammation of the bladder?

A

cystitis

62
Q

What term is used to describe inflammation of the urethra?

A

urethritis

63
Q

What is the morphological diagnosis for the lesion of the urethra?

A

acute, locally extensive, severe fibrinonecrotic urethritis

64
Q

What is the morphological diagnosis for the lesion of the bladder?

A

acute, locally extensive, severe necrohemorrhagic cystitis

65
Q

What is the shaggy, friable, tan material within the lumen of the urethra?

A

fibrin

66
Q

What type of inflammatory cells do you expect to be in the urethra in this case?

A

neutrophils

67
Q

What is occuring here?

A

hemorrhage extending from the cortex to the medulla

68
Q

What is occuring to the renal pelvis here?

A

it is dilated

69
Q

What is the pleural surface of this lung covered in?

A

fibrin

70
Q

What is the morphologic diagnosis for this lung?

A

acute, diffuse, severe fibrinous pleuritis

71
Q

How did this material (fibrin) get to the lung?

A

endothelial damage allows for large molecular weight plasma protein to leak into the tissues, fibrinogen leaks out of the capillaries and post capillary venules during the fluidic phase of accute inflammation and it polymerizes to fibrin

72
Q

What is the medical term used to describe a pleural space that is filled with fibropurulent fluid?

A

pyothorax

73
Q

What is this material that is covering the parietal and visceral pericardium?

A

fibrin

74
Q

What causes this bright red coloration in the visceral pericardium?

A

hyperemia

75
Q

What is this?

A

fibrin

76
Q

What is the term used for inflammation of the pericardium?

A

pericarditis

77
Q

What is the term used for inflammation of the pleura?

A

pleuritis

78
Q

What is the term used for inflammation of the peritoneum?

A

peritonitis

79
Q

Provide a morphological diagnosis for this lesion:

A

diffuse, severe fibrinous pericarditis and pleuritis

80
Q

What is the most likely cause for fibrinous inflammation of serous membranes?

A

infectious microbes

81
Q

What is polyserositis?

A

inflammation of multible serousal membranes

82
Q

How would you classify these multifocal areas of reddish discoloration?

A

hyperemia

83
Q

What is this?

A

yellow, thick exudate

84
Q

What are terms used to describe inflammation of the synovial membrane?

A

synovitis

85
Q

What are terms used to describe inflammation of the joint?

A

arthritis

86
Q

What is this?

A

purulent exudate

87
Q

Name this lesion.

A

pyometra

88
Q

What is the morphological diagnosis for this lesion?

A

acute, diffuse, severe puruent endometritis

89
Q

What type of inflammation is seen in this lesion?

A

purulent inflammation

Pathology (22 decks)

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