Lab 7

Question 1

Identify this structure:

Answer 1

granuloma

Question 2

Identify this structure:

Answer 2

fibrous ring

Question 3

Identify this structure:

Answer 3

macrophages

Question 4

Why do fungal agents cause a granulomatous reaction?

Answer 4

fungi have complex call walls that are not easily killed by the killing mechanisms of neutrophils and tend to persist and require macrophages to kill them

Question 5

What is the histomorphologic diagnosis of this lesion?

Answer 5

severe chronic widely disseminated pyogranulomatous pneumonia

Question 6

Identify this structure:

Answer 6

multinucleated giant cells

Question 7

Identify this structure:

Answer 7

heterophils

Question 8

What type of inflammation is present in this skin mass from the turtle?

Answer 8

heterophilic and granulomatous inflammation

Question 9

What is this dark staining?

Answer 9

surgical margins

Question 10

This is a skin mass from a Lab. What cell type are present in this lesion?

Answer 10

macrophages, neutrophils centrally, lymphocytes and plasma cells peripherally

Question 11

Identify this structure:

Answer 11

acid-fast bacteria

Question 12

Identify this structure:

Answer 12

neutrophils

Question 13

This is from a skin mass of a golden.What is the morphological diagnosis for this lesion?

Answer 13

granlomatous or pyogranulomatous dermatitis, focal, chronic, with intramacrophagic acid-fast bacteria

Question 14

Identify this structure:

Answer 14

plasma cell

Question 15

Identify this structure:

Answer 15

macrophages

Question 16

Identify this structure:

Answer 16

neutrophils

Question 17

Given the population of inflammatory cells here, what type of inflammatory exudate is this?

Answer 17

pyogranulonatous, or purulent and histiocytic

Question 18

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 18

chronic, diffuse, severe, granulomatous ileitis

Question 19

Histologically, what cells are seen in granulomatous inflammation?

Answer 19

predominately macrophages and fewer epitheliod macrophages and multinucleated cells

Question 20

What is a diffuse granuloma also known as?

Answer 20

lepromatous

Question 21

Grossly, what do nodular granulomas look like?

Answer 21

gray to white, round to oval, firm to hard, and well demarcated

Question 22

Grossly, what do tuberculoid granulomas look like?

Answer 22

well delineated, confined distribution, commonly have a fibrous component

Question 23

An acid-fast stain was performed on this slide from the intestine of a cow, what sort of pathogen is seen taking up stain in the slide?

Answer 23

acid-fast bacteria specifically M. avium in this lesion

Question 24

What is this?

Answer 24

a fibrous tag

Question 25

What are these raised edges?

Answer 25

nodules

Question 26

What is the yellow-ish material?

Answer 26

caseous necrosis

Question 27

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 27

chronic, severe, bilateral cranioventral bronchopneumonia with multifocal abcesses, caseating granulomas, and extensive fibrous adhesions

Question 28

What about this lesion indicates that it is chronic?

Answer 28

fibrous tags, fibrous connective tissue, caseous necrosis (chronic lesion with macrophages and neutrophils)

Question 29

What is the difference between fibrous tags and fibrin?

Answer 29

fibrin is white to tan, stringy material that is easily peeled off fibrous tags are tough, not easily broken down, and are adherent

Question 30

What are fibrous tags made of?

Answer 30

fibroblasts and collagen fibers

Question 31

What type of granulomatous inflammation is seen in this lesion?

Answer 31

nodular or tuberculoid type granulomatous inflammation

Question 32

What type of material is this?

Answer 32

friable caseous exudate

Question 33

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 33

chronic, multifocal, pyogranulomatous, caseous lymphadenitis

Question 34

What bacterial organism could cause this lesion in a sheep?

Answer 34

corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 35

List the events that need occur in order for a lesion to become chronic:

Answer 35

presence of an injurous substance persisting in the tissues, sustained tissue injury, parenchymal cell death with stromal and basement membrane damage, cellular infiltrates change from neutrophils to macrophages or lymphocytes, variable degrees of fibrosis are present

Question 36

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 36

chronic, focal, proliferative, severe laminitis

Question 37

Is this a chronic or an acute lesion?

Answer 37

chronic

Question 38

What mechanism causes the lamellar wedge in this lesion?

Answer 38

irregular hyperplasia of the epidermal lamellae

Question 39

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 39

chronic, focal, severe exuberant granulation tissue

Question 40

What is granulation tissue?

Answer 40

a fibrovascular tissue that is produced by the body to fill in spaces or defects

Question 41

How long does it take for granulation tissue to form?

Answer 41

1-2 weeks

Question 42

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 42

chronic, diffuse, severe, epicarditis and pericarditis

Question 43

At the time of necropsy, there was purulent fluid contained within the pericardial space. What is the significance of the clinical finding of purulent fluid?

Answer 43

the presence of purulent fluid indicates that neutrophils are still being actibely recruited to the site, which means the inciting cause is likely ongoing

Question 44

How are the gross lesions connected to the ventral pitting edema?

Answer 44

. Ventral pitting edema is likely due to progressive right heart failure. Because the right ventricular muscle mass is smaller, the pressure from the pericardial fluid affects the right side of the heart before the left. Decreased output causes expansion of the venous capacitance vessels-increased hydrostatic pressure.

Question 45

What are these?

Answer 45

multifocal tan, firm nodules

Question 46

Provide a morphologic diagnosis for this lesion:

Answer 46

chronic, multifocal, moderate hepatic abcesses

Question 47

What are the potential differentials for the nodules in the liver?

Answer 47

hyperplasia, abcess, neoplasia, granuloma