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clin med > trauma to end of urology > Flashcards

trauma to end of urology Flashcards

1
Q

Testicular trauma

cause

A

Trauma

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2
Q

sx Testicular trauma

A

Pain
NV
Syncope

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3
Q

Testicular trauma

pe

A

Hematocele (blood in testes)
Displaced testes
Scrotal swelling
Ecchymosis

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4
Q

Testicular trauma

dx

A

US

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5
Q

Testicular trauma

trmt

A

Ice, elevation, analgesics, irrigation, closure

Surgically explore and repair

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6
Q

Testicular cancer

sx

A

Painless lump in testes
heaviness/achiness
Reactive hydrocele
Weight loss, fever, NV, anorexia

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7
Q

Testicular cancer

pe

A

Firm nodule

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8
Q

Testicular cancer

dx

A

*+ pregnancy test
Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), HCG, LDH
CT

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9
Q

trmt Testicular cancer

A

Radical orchiectomy

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10
Q

Testicular biopsy contraindicated

A

testicular cancer

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11
Q

BPH

cause

A

Too much testosterone

Aging

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12
Q

BPH sx

A

Hesitancy, intermittency, weak stream, dripping, incomplete voiding, double voiding, straining to void, frequency, urgency, nocturia

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13
Q

BPH pe

A

Makes a sound when percussed

DRE

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14
Q

BPH dx

A

Serum PSA
UA
Serum Cr
histological staing

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15
Q

Bladder scan over 100 is abnormal

A

bph

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16
Q

we can do some waitful watching in this

A

bph

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17
Q

we can do some waitful watching in this

A

bph, Prostate cancer

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18
Q

urolift?

A

clip to open prostatic fossa

in bph

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19
Q

ReZum?

A

heating tissue to open up fossa in bph

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20
Q

gold std for bph

A

TURP- transurethral resection of the prostate-

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21
Q

turp can cause this

A

retrograde ejaculation

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22
Q

HoIEP?

A

Holmium laser enucleaion of the prostate which is for bph

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23
Q

Acute Prostatitis sx

A 
Sudden onset fever and chills
Back pain
Pain while voiding
Obstructive sx
Myalgia and arthralgia
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24
Q

Acute Prostatitis pe

A

Tender, swollen, warm prostate

Caution: massage- bacteremia

25
Q

Acute Prostatitisdx

A

Microscopy of prostate
Bacteriologic localization of cultures
UA
C&S

26
Q

Acute Prostatitis

trmt

A

Support
Bactrim, milocin, carbenicillin, quinolone * 4 wks
Ampicillin or gentamicin parenteral

27
Q

Chronic Prostatitis

cause

A

Recurrent UTI- E coli, proteus, klebsiella, pseudomonas, enterococcus

28
Q

Chronic Prostatitis

sx

A 
Urgency, frequency, nocturia, dysuria
Lower back pain
Fever
Myalgia and arthralgia
Milky Urethral discharge in the morning 
Painful ejaculation

same as acute but last longer and come on more slowly… also have milky discharge

29
Q

Chronic Prostatitis

trmt

A 
Bactrim or fluoroquinolone * 12-24 wks
Sitz baths
Hydration
Analgesics
Stool softeners
30
Q

Most common noncutaneous tumor

A

Prostate cancer

31
Q

Prostate cancer

A

*Adenocarcinoma from peripheral zone

32
Q

Prostate cancer

risks

A

Aging
Fam hx
African americans- demetrio stanley example

33
Q

Prostate cancer

sx

A

Asymptomatic
Obstructive and irritative sx
Bone pain

34
Q

Prostate cancer

dx

A 
PSA normal (not normal in BPH)
TRUS (transrectal US) with biopsies
Imaging 
Gleason score= primary + secondary
8-10 is aggressive
35
Q

Prostate cancer

trmt

A 
Waitful watching
Prostatectomy
Radiation
Hormone therapy
Orchiectomy
36
Q

2nd MC tumor in urinary tract

A

Bladder cancer

37
Q

90% transitional cell carcinoma

A

Bladder cancer

38
Q

Bladder cancer

cause

A

Smoking
Occupational exposure
Pelvic radiation

39
Q

Bladder cancer

sx

A 
Hematuria
Weight loss
 Flank pain, pelvic pain
Pneumaturia
Abdominal mass/ pain
Bone pain
40
Q

Bladder cancer

pe

A 
Suprapubic/rectal/abdominal mass
Leg edema
Flank tenderness
Lymphadenopathy (supraclavicular, axillary, groin)
Hepatomegaly
41
Q

Bladder cancer

dx

A 
Platelets
Cystoscopy or ureteroscopy
Pyelogram
CT urogram
Bone or PET scan
42
Q

Bladder cancer

trmt

A

TURBP (transurethral resection of bladder prostate)
Radiation
Cystectomy

43
Q

if a male has relapsing UTI infections check for this

A

chronic prostatitis

44
Q

Most lethal of all GU CAs

A

Renal carcinoma

45
Q

Renal carcinoma is typicallly

A

Unilateral

46
Q

Renal carcinoma

cause

A

Clear cell 80%

47
Q

Renal carcinoma

risks

A

Smoking
Obesity
HTN

48
Q

Renal carcinoma

sx

A

Asymptomatic
Triad: flank pain palpable mass, hematuria
Hemorrhage, weight loss, malaise

49
Q

Triad: flank pain palpable mass, hematuria

A

Renal carcinoma

50
Q

Renal carcinoma

pe

A

None

Upper quadrant mass

51
Q

Renal carcinoma

dx

A

Labs
CT scan
Renal biopsy
Bone scan

52
Q

Renal carcinoma

trmt

A 
Watch it
Nephrectomy
Ablation
Radiation
Resection
53
Q

Renal stones

cause

A

High protein intake, high salt intake, dehydration

54
Q

Renal stones

risks

A

More males
Fam hx
Fat

55
Q

Renal stones

sx

A 
Colicky pain (comes and goes)
Hematuria
Irritative voiding sx
Vitals
Change in LOC
Flank pain
Fever
NV
56
Q

.

A

.

57
Q

Renal stones

dx

A

CT abdomen

KUB

58
Q

Renal stones

trmt

A 
Ureteroscopy- GOLD std
Fluids
No Na
Moderate oxalate and Ca intake
Limit meat
No high vit C
Admission
Urolithiasis 
Surgery
59
Q

Ureteroscopy- GOLD std

A

Renal stones

clin med (35 decks)

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