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clin med > Common Eye Sx > Flashcards

Common Eye Sx Flashcards

1
Q

Mebomiancgkand dysfunction trmt

A

Azasite- topical

Doxycycline- oral medicine for rosacea

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2
Q

Ectropion trmt

A

Artificial tears and lubricating ointment at bedtime

Maybe surgery

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3
Q

Entropion trmt

A

Epilation and ointment

Surgery to rotate eyelid in more

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4
Q

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction Trmt

A

Dactyosytorhinostomy (DCR)

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5
Q

When is nasolacrimal duct obstruction Common

A

At birth but usually resolves by the first year

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6
Q

Epiphora

A

Tearing

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7
Q

Dermatochelasis trmt

A

Bleoharoplasty

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8
Q

Causes of ptosis

A

Congenital
Trauma
NM disorder
Age

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9
Q

Ptosis trmt

A

Surgical tightening of retractor muscle

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10
Q

Chalezion/horeolum

A

Blockage of mebomian gland that starts off as a red painful lump and becomes painless with time and infected

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11
Q

Chalezion/horeolum trmt

A 
Warm compresses
Lid scrubs
Massage
ATB or steroid drops
Must wait to drain until acute setting is over
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12
Q

Preseptal cellulitis

A

Infection of the superficial layer of skin around the eyes that causes Edema and erythema

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13
Q

Treatment of preseptal cellulitis

A

Oral ATB and close monitoring

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14
Q

What is preseptal cellulitis caused by spread from

A

Sinusitis or dacryocystitis

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15
Q

Orbital cellulitis

A

Same as preseptal cellulitis but vision problems, motility problems, a PD

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16
Q

How do you rule out orbital cellulitis

A

CT/MRI

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17
Q

Why is orbital cellulitis bad

A

Can spread behind septum to cavernous sinus and cause meningitis

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18
Q

Treatment for orbital cellulitis

A

IV antibiotics, surgical drainage, close monitoring in a hospital

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19
Q

Acute dacryocystitis

A

Sudden onset of pain in the medial canthus region

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20
Q

Chronic dacryocystitis

A

Slow onset of epiphora from chronic inflammation or infection of lacrimal sac

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21
Q

Treatment of acute dacryocystitis

A

Oral ATB and close monitoring

Culturing

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22
Q

Cancer of the eye

A

Basal, squamous, sebaceous, melanomas

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23
Q

Patient presents with chronic chelation and blepharitis that does not improve with trmt. Also has loss of lashes and lid margin is distorted. What is it?

A

Cancer

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24
Q

Cause of pinquecula or pterygium

A

Wind or sun exposure

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25
Q

Pingiencula trmt

A

Artificial tears

SunGlasses

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26
Q

Pteryguim can cause____

A

Astigmatism and dec vision

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27
Q

Trmt for preryguim

A

Topical steroids

Surgery- leave area bare. Conjunctival autograft. Amniotic membrane.

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28
Q

Chemosis

A

Swelling of conjunctiva from allergies or viral/bacterial conjunctivitis

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29
Q

Episcleritis

A

Red eye that Patience noticed in the mirror but it’s painless and has no vision problems

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30
Q

Trmt for episcleritis

A

Topical or oral steroids

NSAIDS

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31
Q

Recurrent episcleritis?

A

Look for RA Lupus or sarcoidosis

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32
Q

Scleritis

A

Red painful eye tender to touch associated with underlying rheumatological condition

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33
Q

Scleritis trmt

A

Oral meds

Treat underlying disease

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34
Q

When you see the choroid on the eye, think

A

Scleritis

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35
Q

Causes of subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

Coughing sneezing straining minor trauma

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36
Q

Conjunctival tumors

A

Bothersome spot on eye that’s pigmented or nobpigmented. It has been there for a long time

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37
Q

Trmt for subconjunctival tumors

A

Topical chemo drops

Surgery

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38
Q

Unilateral arcus senilis look for this

A

Occlusion of carotid on side without arcus

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39
Q

Arcus senilis in young ppl check this

A

Cholesterol

40
Q

Keratoconjuncitivits sicca/DES

A

Common with varying sx

41
Q

Test for keratoconjunctivitis sicca/DES

A

Assess tear film and break up time
Conjunctival or corneal staining
Schirmers test for test production

42
Q

Trmt keratoconjunctivitis sicca/DES

A

Artificial tears provide a symptomatic relief but do not alter disease course

Prescription medication that alter disease course: restasis cequa xiidra

Punctual plugs to block tear drainage channel

43
Q

Corneal abrasion presentation

A

Pain
Light sensitivity
Decreased vision
Tearing

44
Q

No proparacaine with …

A

Corneal abrasion

45
Q

Corneal abrasion trmt

A

Make sure none under eyelid

Stain with fluorcein to determine extent

46
Q

Corneal ulcer

A

Infection of cornea lthats bacterial, fungal, viral acanthamoeba

47
Q

Untreated corneal ulcer

A

Penetrate cornea and need cornea transplant

48
Q

What causes corneal ulcer

A

Contacts, abrasion

49
Q

Treatment for Corneal ulcer

A

Culture, antibiotics, antifungal’s, antivirals, corneal transplant

50
Q

Corneal foreign body trmt

A

Topical anesthesia

Remove at slit lamp

51
Q

HSK present with

A

FB sensation, redness, recurrent infections but NO pain

52
Q

HSK can lead to…

A

blindness

53
Q

eye stains in a classic dendritic pattern is in….

A

HSK

54
Q

topical trmt for HSK

A

viroptic, zigran, steroids

55
Q

eye stains in a classic pseudodendritic pattern is in….

A

HZK

56
Q

oral trmt for HSK and HZK

A

acyclovir, valtrtex, and famvir

57
Q

steroids alone worsen disese

A

HSK

58
Q

shingles AKA

A

HZK

59
Q

HZK present with

A

FB sensation, redness, dec corneal sensation

60
Q

acid burns

A

sulphuric acid, sulfurus acid, HCl, acetic acid

61
Q

base burns

A

Lye, ammonium hyroxide, potassium hydroxide, Mg

62
Q

greater damage in this burn

A

base

63
Q

keratoconus presents in…

A

teend in mid 20s not corrected with glasses

64
Q

if you have keratoconus you cant get this surgery

A

lasik

65
Q

trmt for keratoconus

A

hard contact lenses, corneal crosslinking, corneal transplant

66
Q

hyphema

A

blood in anterior chamber only over iris

67
Q

causes of hyphema

A

trauma, surgical, spontaneous

68
Q

trmt for hyphema

A

bedrest until clears, cycloplegic drops, topical steroids, maybe surgery

69
Q

hypopyon

A

layered WBC inanterior chamber from corneal ulcer, endopthalamitis, uveitis

70
Q

hypopyon trmt

A

treat underlying cause

71
Q

iritis/uvitis

A

inflammation of eye that can be anterior, posterior, intermediate, pars, panuvitis

72
Q

iritis/uvitis cause

A

infectious, inflammatory, rheumatological

73
Q

iritis/uvitis trmt

A

treat underlying condition, topical trmt, systemic trmt

74
Q

LASIK anad PRK corrects…

A

myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism

75
Q

what do they do in lasik

A

reshape underlying cornea tissue so light focused on retina

76
Q

processof lasik

A

flap, laser, flap back down

77
Q

PRK stands for

A

photorefractive keratectomy

78
Q

process of PRK

A

corneal epithelium removed and cornea is reshaped. contact is placed over it

79
Q

need _____ for 1-2 yrs b4 theyll do lasik

A

stable refraction

80
Q

contraindications for lasik

A

keratoconus, keloid, active corneal ulceration, autoimmune or inflammatory disease, DM, hx of HSK, DES, pregnancy, recurrent erosion, thin cornea, thyroid orbitopathy

81
Q

presbyopia

A

over age 40 the eye cant focus on any distance and blurs when things are near, no accomodation

82
Q

presbyopia trmt

A

bifocals

83
Q

the lens becomes more ____ as you bring things in close

A

round

84
Q

monocular diplopia

A

double vision when 1 eye is closed indicates problem` is in the eyeball itself

85
Q

binocular diplopia

A

double vision that goes away when 1 eye is closed indicates the eyes are out of sync

86
Q

nystagmus is MC in____ and is due to a

A

kids; congenital motor deficit

87
Q

why might someone get nystagmus as an adult

A

inner ear probs, drugs, neuro porbs

88
Q

you can correct this until age 7

A

amblyopia

89
Q

occurs from disuse when on e eye doesnt see well

A

amblyopia

90
Q

causes of amblyopia

A

strabismus, congential cataract, unilateral hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism

91
Q

amblyopia trmt

A

glasses, patching

92
Q

strabismus trmt

A

surgery to correct ocular misalignment by changing muscle insertion points, prism

93
Q

bilateral retinoblastoma is probably

A

inherited

94
Q

unilateral retinoblastoma is probably

A

sporadic

95
Q

blepharitis is caused by

A

staph, seborrhea, demodex

96
Q

sandy, gritty sensation, red, watery eyes, loss of lashed, eyelid irritation

A

blepharitis

97
Q

trmt for blepharitis

A

treat underlying cause, lid scrubs, warm compresses, ATB, ATB/steroid drops

clin med (35 decks)

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