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clin med > skin 1.2 > Flashcards

skin 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

purpura

A

nonblanching redness

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2
Q

exanthem

A

widespread rash

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3
Q

Ichthyosis-

A

generalized scaling “fish skin”

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4
Q

looks thicker than notmal

A

lichenidication

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5
Q

feels thicker

A

induration

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6
Q

petechiae

A

nonblanching

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7
Q

diascopy

A

Press lesion with glass
Blanching means capillaries intact
Non blanching means extravasated blood

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8
Q

Tzanck smear

A

Dx HSV and VZV

Multinucleated giant cells= diagnostic for HSV and VZV

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9
Q

use dark field microscopy to dx

A

syphilis

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10
Q

Woods light exam

A

Uv light makes certain organisms appear coral red

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11
Q

Darier’s sign

A

Rubbing lesion causes urticarial flare

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12
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Pinpoint bleeding after scale is removed

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13
Q

Nikolsky’s sign

A

Pushing a blister and it causes further destruction of dermis

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14
Q

Koebner’s phenomenon

A

Minor trauma causes new lesions at site of trauma

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15
Q

Shagreen plaque

A

Oval Shaped leathery plaque associated with tuberous sclerosis

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16
Q

Thickening of epidermis and upward extension of dermal papillae

A

warts

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17
Q

Mosaic warts-

A

cluster of smaller warts

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18
Q

Gardasil-

A

vaccine against HPV 6, 11, 16, 18

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19
Q

“Stick on” or “pasted” plaque or papule

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

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20
Q

acrochordans aka

A

skin tags

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21
Q

Melasma trmt

A

Hydroquinone cream
Sunscreen
Tretinoin cream

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22
Q

Melasma pe

A

Patchy hyperpigmented macules on face

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23
Q

Nevi types

A 
Junctional nevi
Macular with nevus cells in epidermis
Compound nevi
Papular with nevus cells in epidermis
Intradermal nevi
Papular with nevus cells in dermis
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24
Q

Nevi pe

A

Symmetric and uniform pigmentation

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25
Q

spitz nevi benign juvenule melanoma PE

A

1 dome shaped red papule or nodule

Grow fast

26
Q

trmt Spitz nevus/benign juvenile melanoma

A

excision

27
Q

Dysplastic nevus syndrome aka familial atypical mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM)

A

Familial skin condition with multiple nevi multiple atypical nevi and inc risk of melanoma
Linked to CDKN2A gene mutation

28
Q

Dysplastic nevus syndrome aka familial atypical mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM) trmt

A

Self skin exams regularly

Protect skin from sun

29
Q

nevi trmt

A

Shave or punch Biopsy
All removed must be examined by pathologist
Don’t transect depth of melanoma- punch or shave wont transect

30
Q

Cases are inc faster than any other cancer in US

A

mm

31
Q

MC type MM

A

superficial spreading

32
Q

MM with delayed vertical growth

A

superficial spreading and lentigo maligna

33
Q

MM with immediate vertical growth

A

nodular and acral lentiginous

34
Q

MC form of cancer for young adults 25-29

A

mm

35
Q

prognosis of MM

A

Directly Related to tumor thickness (test)

36
Q

Breslow is preferred prognostic indicator in this condition

A

MM

37
Q

mm best prognosis

A

in situ

38
Q

what should you do if MM lesions are over 0.75mm

A

LN biopsy

39
Q

MM trmt

A 
Surgical excision
In situ: 5 mm
1-2 mm: 1 cm margin
Over 2 mm: 2 cm margin
Chemo, radiation
40
Q

mm course

A

curable in horiz phase

41
Q

follow up MM

A

3-6 mo for at least 2 yrs then annually
Must examine skin, LN, liver, and spleen
Annual CXR if over 1mm

42
Q

Epidermal inclusion cyst?

A

Growth of epithelial lining of hair follicle

Diff from lipoma bc it has central pore

43
Q

Epidermal inclusion cyst

pe

A

Asymptomatic
Skin colored nodule with central core
Grow slow and reach stable size 1-3
Drains foul smelling material

44
Q

Epidermal inclusion cyst

trmt

A

Remove entire cyst/lining to prevent it from coming back (if you want)

45
Q

Pyogenic granuloma/eruptive hemangioma/tumor of pregnancy

pe

A

Red or purple papule or nodule few cm or mm
On oral mucosa, hands/finger
Bleed with little trauma

46
Q

Pyogenic granuloma/eruptive hemangioma/tumor of pregnancy

trmt

A

Heal if in pregnancy

Cauterization , excision

47
Q

Pyogenic granuloma/eruptive hemangioma/tumor of pregnancy

are common in

A

In pregnant women and young kids

48
Q

Cherry angiomas?

A

Vasc proliferation

49
Q

Cherry angiomas PE

A

Small red or purple macule/ papule

50
Q

Cherry angiomas dx

A

Clinical

Biopsy if ABCDE

51
Q

Cherry angiomas trmt

A

none

52
Q

Spider angiomas aka nevus araneus or spider telangiectasia?

A

Sphincter muscle doesn’t surround arteriole well
Wosen with inc estrogen
Benign

53
Q

5+ Spider angiomas aka nevus araneus or spider telangiectasia
check for

A

liver cirrhosis

54
Q

Spider angiomas aka nevus araneus or spider telangiectasia

pe

A

Central red spot with radiating extensions

55
Q

Spider angiomas aka nevus araneus or spider telangiectasia

trmt

A

None

Stop contraceptives if that inc in estrogen caused it

56
Q

Dermatofibroma?

A

Focal dermal fibrosis

57
Q

Dermatofibroma pe

A

3-9 mm wide, firm dermal papule or nodule
Vary in color
Dimple sign

58
Q

Dermatofibroma is MC here on the body

A

MC on legs

59
Q

Dimple sign

A

Dermatofibroma

60
Q

Dermatofibroma dx

A

Biopsy if concerned

61
Q

Dermatofibroma trmt

A

None

Punch or simple excision

clin med (35 decks)

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