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clin med > skin 2.1 > Flashcards

skin 2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes simplex

cause

A

HSV
HSV 1- oral inf.
HSV 2- genital inf.

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2
Q

Herpes simplex

sx

A

Systemic sx- fever, HA

Prodrome such as burning/tingling then Vesicles break out in same location

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3
Q

herpes labialis

A

on mucus membranes

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4
Q

Herpes whitlow-

A

inf on fingers

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5
Q

Herpes herpeticum-

A

generalized with previous condition of atopic dermatitis

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6
Q

Herpes simplex

dx

A

Zantac smear or viral culture

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7
Q

Herpes simplex

trmt

A

Valacyclovir

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8
Q

Herpes ophthalmicus and lead to

A

blindness

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9
Q

Herpes zoster

?

A

Latent varicella zoster virus reactivates
DO NOT MISS bc it can lead to post herpetic neuralgia
medical emergency

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10
Q

Herpes zoster

pe

A

Vesicles on red base in unilateral dermatomal pattern
MC on face and trunk
Herpes ophthalmicus if lesion on tip of nose→ hutchinson sign

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11
Q

Herpes zoster

dx

A

Usually none

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12
Q

Herpes zoster

trmt

A

Antivirals- valacyclovir
Topical
Pain meds

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13
Q

Varicella cause

A

Varicella zoster virus

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14
Q

Varicella sx

A

Prodrome of fever, chills, HA, malaise, ST, dry cough

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15
Q

Varicella pe

A

Itchy vesicles on trunk first then moves to palms, soles, and mucous memb
Dew drops on rose petal

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16
Q

Varicella trmt

A

Antihistamine

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17
Q

Bullous impetigo

?

A

Intraepidermal bacterial infection

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18
Q

MC in preschool age

A

Bullous impetigo

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19
Q

Bullous impetigo

cause

A

S aureus

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20
Q

Bullous impetigo

pe

A

clear/cloudy bullae
Crust after it ruptures
Honey crusted lesion

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21
Q

Bullous impetigo

dx

A

Gram stain shows s aureus

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22
Q

Bullous impetigo

trmt

A

ATB mupirocin GOLD std

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23
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

?

A

Autoimmune disease with blistering of skin and mucous membranes
Antibodies against desmoglein, connections in epidermal cells

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24
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

pe

A

Flaccid/superficial bullae that are 1-10cm wide and rupture easily
+ Nikolsky’s sign- apply pressure laterally and bulla extends
Oral mucosa affected before trunk

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25
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

dx

A

+ Immunofluorescence

Punch biopsy

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26
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

trmt

A

Systemic steroids
Immunosuppressants
Die if untreated

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27
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

?

A

Autoimmune disorder with large blisters

Autoantibodies directed towards hemidesmosomes, attach epithelial cells to bsmt membranes

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28
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

pe

A

Bullae on groin and armpits

- Nikolsky’s sign- apply pressure laterally and bullae won’t extend

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29
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

dx

A

+ Immunofluorescence

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30
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

trmt

A

Systemic steroids
Immunosuppressants
Good prognosis

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31
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis

pe

A

VERY itchy vesicular disease with grouped papules, vesicles, and urticarial plaques on elbows, butt, lower back, and shoulders
Easy chair distribution

32
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis

dx

A

+ blood test for IgA Ab

33
Q

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

?

A

Metabolic disorder in heme biosynthesis path

34
Q

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

causes

A

Alcohol

Need uroporphyrinogen to be converted to coproporphyrinogen in heme pathway

35
Q

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

pe

A

Blisters on dorsum of hand and sun exposed areas
Uroporphyrin excretion in urine
Facial hair, mottled facial pigment, milia

36
Q

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

dx

A 
Photosensitivity
Urine is dark brown and red under wood’s light
High Uroporphyrin in urine
High LFT
High serum iron
37
Q

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

trmt

A

Phlebotomy

38
Q

Scabies cause

A

epidermis is infested with sarcoptes scabiei var hominis

Common in ppl living in close quarters

39
Q

Scabies PE

A

Inflammatory papules
Generalized pruritus with worse itch of life
Nocturnal
Hand webspaces, elbows, axillae, feet, groin
No head involvement in adults

40
Q

Scabies dx

A

Burrow that is 2-5 mm with serpiginous thread like line

41
Q

Scabies trmt

A

Permethrin cream on entire body then repeat in 1 wk

Ivermectin - anti parasite

42
Q

Norwegian scabies/crusted scabies-

A

widespread with high mite load; no itching

43
Q

Lice aka pediculosis capitis

cause

A

Pediculosis humanus var capitis

44
Q

Lice aka pediculosis capitis

sx

A

Intense itch

45
Q

Lice aka pediculosis capitis

dx

A

See nits on scalp

46
Q

Lice aka pediculosis capitis

trmt

A

Nit combing

Malathion lotion

47
Q

6 ps of lichen planus

A

6 p’s: pruritic, polygonal, planar, purple, papules, and plaques

48
Q

Lichen planus

cause

A

Unknown

Maybe meds

49
Q

Lichen planus

PE

A

Wickham’s striae- white lines and dots in mouth

Itching, wrists, ankles, genitals

50
Q

Lichen planus

dx

A

Punch biopsy

Hep panel- can be sign of hep B or C and PBC

51
Q

Lichen planus

trmt

A

Nonspecific

Most go away in 1 yr

52
Q

Keratosis pilaris

cause

A

Hair follicles start to keratinized

53
Q

Keratosis pilaris

PE

A

Hyperkeratotic “spiky” follicular papules on back of arms, thighs, face
Red background
Rough bumps that don’t improve with scrubbing

54
Q

Keratosis pilaris

trmt

A

Keratolytics

No scrubbing… be gentle

55
Q

Acne vulgaris?

A

Disorder of pilosebaceous units of skin

56
Q

Acne vulgaris

cause

A

Propionibacterium acnes

Multifactorial

57
Q

Acne vulgaris

pe

A

Comedones on areas where there are lots of pilosebaceous units
Open- black keratinous material
Closed- skin colored dome shaped papules

58
Q

Acne vulgaris

trmt

A

No gold standard
Accutane is the only true cure bc it changes pilosebaceous glands- must be on 2 forms of birth control, TG each month, LFT each month, monthly office exam, dry skin is common SE, also nosebleeds

59
Q

Perioral dermatitis

?

A

Acne like inflammatory rash

60
Q

Perioral dermatitis

causez

A

Unknown

Topical steroids, dental products, wind, stress

61
Q

Perioral dermatitis

pe

A

1-2 mm red micropapules, microvesicles, micropustules with red background
Around mouth, eyes, and nose

62
Q

Perioral dermatitis

trmt

A

NO topical steroids… makes it worse (bc cause)

63
Q

Acne Rosacea

?

A

Chronic Inflammatory disorder that affects BV and pilosebaceous units on face
Affects fitz 1 and 2
Looks like acne vulgaris but rosacea has no comedones

64
Q

Trigger factors of Acne Rosacea

A

UV exposures, stress, hot drinks, alcohol, spicy foods, temps, wind

65
Q

Acne Rosacea

pe

A

Redness followed by papules, pustules, and telangiectasia
Papules and pustules on red background
Best seen on central ⅓ of face

66
Q

4 subtypes of Acne Rosacea

A

erythrotelangioctasis/ vascular- flushing and redness
Papulopustular
Phymatous- enlarged structure
Ocular- watery/bloodshot eyes with tearing and burning

67
Q

Otophyma

A
  • big ear
68
Q

Gnathophyma

A
  • big mouth
69
Q

Blepharophyma

A
  • big eyelid
70
Q

Acne Rosacea

trmt

A

Dec trigger factors
Sunscreen
Topical or systemic

71
Q

Folliculitis?

A

Inflammation of hair follicle

72
Q

Folliculitis cause

A

MC S aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hot tub users
Sweating and rubbing of tight clothes

73
Q

Folliculitis pe

A 
Asymptomatic
Pustules around hair follicles
Discrete individual lesions
Not confluent but near each other
Around butt, thigh, back
74
Q

Folliculitis dx

A

Gram + cocci in gram stain if caused by s aureus

75
Q

Folliculitis trmt

A

Hibiclens, bleach baths, clindamycin gel

76
Q

Pseudofolliculitis barbae

A

hair renters skin and causes papules and pustules

clin med (35 decks)

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