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IM 4 > Trauma 1: Soft Tissue Injury > Flashcards

Trauma 1: Soft Tissue Injury Flashcards

1
Q

what are soft tissue injuries (4)

A

sprains
strains
dislocations
subluxations

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2
Q

a sprain is an injury to

A

ligaments around a joint

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3
Q

sprains often occur from a ____ or _____ motion

A

wrenching
twisting

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4
Q

what is a grade 1 sprain:

A

few fiber tears; mild tenderness & swelling

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5
Q

what is a grade 2 sprain:

A

partial disruption of tissue; increased swelling & tenderness

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6
Q

what is a grade 3 sprain:

A

complete tear w/ moderate to severe swelling

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7
Q

what is a strain

A

excessive stretching of muscle & fascia; may involve tendon

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8
Q

what is a grade 1 strain

A

mild or slightly pulled

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9
Q

what is a grade 2 strain

A

moderately torn muscle

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10
Q

what is a grade 3 strain

A

severely torn or ruptured muscle

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11
Q

what s/s can show a sprain or strain (4)

A

pain
edema
decreased function
bruising

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12
Q

how do we diagnose sprains & strains (4)

A

h&p
x-ray
MRI
CT scan

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13
Q

what are the 4 complications with sprains & strains

A

avulsion fracture
subluxation
dislocation
hemarthrosis

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14
Q

what is a subluxation

A

partial dislocation

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15
Q

what is a hemarthrosis

A

articular bleeding into the joint cavity

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16
Q

what is an avulsion facture

A

occurs when tendon or ligament is pulled resulting in a piece of the bone breaking away

17
Q

what implementations will we do for our pts with sprains & strains (5)

A

health promotion/edu
warm up exercises
stretching
strength, balance, & endurance exercises
start back to exercise gradually

18
Q

what implementation do we do for acute care of a sprain or strain (5)

A

Rest: stop activity & movement
Ice: 24-48 hrs; 20-30 mins @ a time
Compression: elastic bandage; apply distal to proximal
Elevate: above hrt
Pain meds

19
Q

What are 3 treatments for sprains & strains

A

Self-limiting
RICE
Surgical repair

20
Q

what are the s/s of a dislocation & subluxation (5)

A

deformity
pain
tenderness
loss of function
swelling

21
Q

what complications can arise from a dislocation & subluxation (2)

A

intraarticular fractures
avascular necrosis

22
Q

how do we diagnose a dislocation & subluxation (2)

A

x-ray
aspiration

IM 4 (62 decks)

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