Trauma 1: Soft Tissue Injury Flashcards
what are soft tissue injuries (4)
sprains
strains
dislocations
subluxations
a sprain is an injury to
ligaments around a joint
sprains often occur from a ____ or _____ motion
wrenching
twisting
what is a grade 1 sprain:
few fiber tears; mild tenderness & swelling
what is a grade 2 sprain:
partial disruption of tissue; increased swelling & tenderness
what is a grade 3 sprain:
complete tear w/ moderate to severe swelling
what is a strain
excessive stretching of muscle & fascia; may involve tendon
what is a grade 1 strain
mild or slightly pulled
what is a grade 2 strain
moderately torn muscle
what is a grade 3 strain
severely torn or ruptured muscle
what s/s can show a sprain or strain (4)
pain
edema
decreased function
bruising
how do we diagnose sprains & strains (4)
h&p
x-ray
MRI
CT scan
what are the 4 complications with sprains & strains
avulsion fracture
subluxation
dislocation
hemarthrosis
what is a subluxation
partial dislocation
what is a hemarthrosis
articular bleeding into the joint cavity
what is an avulsion facture
occurs when tendon or ligament is pulled resulting in a piece of the bone breaking away
what implementations will we do for our pts with sprains & strains (5)
health promotion/edu
warm up exercises
stretching
strength, balance, & endurance exercises
start back to exercise gradually
what implementation do we do for acute care of a sprain or strain (5)
Rest: stop activity & movement
Ice: 24-48 hrs; 20-30 mins @ a time
Compression: elastic bandage; apply distal to proximal
Elevate: above hrt
Pain meds
What are 3 treatments for sprains & strains
Self-limiting
RICE
Surgical repair
what are the s/s of a dislocation & subluxation (5)
deformity
pain
tenderness
loss of function
swelling
what complications can arise from a dislocation & subluxation (2)
intraarticular fractures
avascular necrosis
how do we diagnose a dislocation & subluxation (2)
x-ray
aspiration
