Musculoskeletal Pharm

Question 1

there are two drugs that can treat osteoporosis agents that decrease ____ ______ & that promote _____ _____

Answer 1

bone resorption
bone formation

Question 2

antiresorptive drugs (5)

Answer 2

estrogen
raloxifene
biphosphonates
calcitonin
denosumab

Question 3

antiresorptive durgs reduce ____ activity and are beneficial in the ___ stages of osteoporosis

Answer 3

osteoclast
early

Question 4

raloxifene is a ____ therapy drug

Answer 4

hormone

Question 5

you should stop taking raloxifene 72 hours before ___ and should only resume when you are back to being _____

Answer 5

surgery
fully mobile

Question 6

what are adverse effects of raloxifene (3)

Answer 6

venous thromboembolism
fetal harm
hot flashes

Question 7

alendronate is a ______

Answer 7

bisphosphonate

Question 8

what are side effects of alendronate (3)

Answer 8

anorexia
wt loss
gastritis

Question 9

we want to take alendronate w/ a full glass of ____ and take ____ mins before food or other meds

Answer 9

water
30

Question 10

we wan pts who take alendronate to stay upright for ___ mins after takin this med

Answer 10

30 mins

Question 11

give calcitonin via ____ form @ ____ to minimize side effects

Answer 11

IM
night

Question 12

we want to alternate ____ when using ____ form of calcitonin

Answer 12

nostrils
nasal

Question 13

we must use a ___ supplement with calcitonin

Answer 13

Ca

Question 14

denosumab is a

Answer 14

RANKL drug

Question 15

denosumab is used in postmenpausal ___ & ____ who are @ risk for ____

Answer 15

women
men
fxs

Question 16

denosumab is injected Subq every ___ months

Answer 16

6

Question 17

teriparatide is a form of the ____ hormone

Answer 17

PTH

Question 18

teriparatide is the only drug that ___ bone formation

Answer 18

increases

Question 19

what are side effects of teriparatide

Answer 19

nausea
headache
back pain
leg cramps

Question 20

what is the black box warning associated w/ teriparatide

Answer 20

increased risk of osteosarcoma

Question 21

cephalosporins are low in ___ compared to other antibiotics

Answer 21

toxicity

Question 22

cephalosporins are the most widely used group of ___

Answer 22

antibiotics

Question 23

cephalosporins mechanism of action is to disrupt ___ synthesis

Answer 23

cell wall

Question 24

what is the classification of cephalosporins

Answer 24

1st-4th generation

Question 25

example of first gen cephalosporin

Answer 25

cefazolin

Question 26

example of 2nd gen cephalosporin

Answer 26

cefaclor

Question 27

ex. of 3rd gen cephalosporin

Answer 27

cefoperazone

Question 28

ex. of 4th gen cephalosporin

Answer 28

cefepime

Question 29

what things can interact w/ cephalosporins

Answer 29

probenecid alcohol drugs that promote bleeding ca ceftriaxone

Question 30

what are adverse effects to cephalosporins (3)

Answer 30

allergic reaction bleeding thrombophlebitits

Question 31

first & second gen cephalosporins are rarely used for _____ infections

Answer 31

active

Question 32

1st & 2nd gen cephalsporins are used for ___

Answer 32

prophylaxis

Question 33

3rd & 4th gen are used for ___ infections

Answer 33

active

Question 34

Vancomycin is used for ____ infections only

Answer 34

severe

Question 35

vancomycin can be used against

Answer 35

methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA) Staph epidermidis

Question 36

vancomycin can be used orally for what infection

Answer 36

c-diff

Question 37

vancomycin is highly ____

Answer 37

toxic

Question 38

what are adverse effects that can be caused by vanco

Answer 38

ototoxicity red man syndrome thrombophlebitis thrombocytopenia

Question 39

aminoglycosides are ___spectrum antibiotics

Answer 39

narrow

Question 40

aminoglycosides are highly ___

Answer 40

toxic

Question 41

what two names of aminoglycosides will we see

Answer 41

gentamicin tobramycin

Question 42

aminoglycosides can cause injury to ____ ear & ____

Answer 42

inner kidney

Question 43

not absorbed in the ____ tract

Answer 43

GI

Question 44

what are adverse effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 44

nephrotoxicity ototoxicity hypersensitivity reactions neuromuscular blockade blood dyscrasias

Question 45

what drug can aminoglycosides interact with

Answer 45

PCN

Question 46

aminoglycosides should either be taken in a ____ large does each day or ___ to ___ smaller doses

Answer 46

single 2 to 3

Question 47

peak levels for aminoglycosides must be high enough to ____ bacteria & low enogh to minimize _____

Answer 47

kill toxicity