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IM 4 > Musculoskeletal Pharm > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

there are two drugs that can treat osteoporosis agents that decrease ____ ______ & that promote _____ _____

A

bone resorption
bone formation

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2
Q

antiresorptive drugs (5)

A

estrogen
raloxifene
biphosphonates
calcitonin
denosumab

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3
Q

antiresorptive durgs reduce ____ activity and are beneficial in the ___ stages of osteoporosis

A

osteoclast
early

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4
Q

raloxifene is a ____ therapy drug

A

hormone

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5
Q

you should stop taking raloxifene 72 hours before ___ and should only resume when you are back to being _____

A

surgery
fully mobile

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6
Q

what are adverse effects of raloxifene (3)

A

venous thromboembolism
fetal harm
hot flashes

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7
Q

alendronate is a ______

A

bisphosphonate

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8
Q

what are side effects of alendronate (3)

A

anorexia
wt loss
gastritis

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9
Q

we want to take alendronate w/ a full glass of ____ and take ____ mins before food or other meds

A

water
30

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10
Q

we wan pts who take alendronate to stay upright for ___ mins after takin this med

A

30 mins

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11
Q

give calcitonin via ____ form @ ____ to minimize side effects

A

IM
night

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12
Q

we want to alternate ____ when using ____ form of calcitonin

A

nostrils
nasal

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13
Q

we must use a ___ supplement with calcitonin

A

Ca

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14
Q

denosumab is a

A

RANKL drug

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15
Q

denosumab is used in postmenpausal ___ & ____ who are @ risk for ____

A

women
men
fxs

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16
Q

denosumab is injected Subq every ___ months

A

6

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17
Q

teriparatide is a form of the ____ hormone

A

PTH

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18
Q

teriparatide is the only drug that ___ bone formation

A

increases

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19
Q

what are side effects of teriparatide

A

nausea
headache
back pain
leg cramps

20
Q

what is the black box warning associated w/ teriparatide

A

increased risk of osteosarcoma

21
Q

cephalosporins are low in ___ compared to other antibiotics

A

toxicity

22
Q

cephalosporins are the most widely used group of ___

A

antibiotics

23
Q

cephalosporins mechanism of action is to disrupt ___ synthesis

A

cell wall

24
Q

what is the classification of cephalosporins

A

1st-4th generation

25
Q

example of first gen cephalosporin

A

cefazolin

26
Q

example of 2nd gen cephalosporin

A

cefaclor

27
Q

ex. of 3rd gen cephalosporin

A

cefoperazone

28
Q

ex. of 4th gen cephalosporin

A

cefepime

29
Q

what things can interact w/ cephalosporins

A

probenecid
alcohol
drugs that promote bleeding
ca
ceftriaxone

30
Q

what are adverse effects to cephalosporins (3)

A

allergic reaction
bleeding
thrombophlebitits

31
Q

first & second gen cephalosporins are rarely used for _____ infections

A

active

32
Q

1st & 2nd gen cephalsporins are used for ___

A

prophylaxis

33
Q

3rd & 4th gen are used for ___ infections

A

active

34
Q

Vancomycin is used for ____ infections only

A

severe

35
Q

vancomycin can be used against

A

methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA)
Staph epidermidis

36
Q

vancomycin can be used orally for what infection

A

c-diff

37
Q

vancomycin is highly ____

A

toxic

38
Q

what are adverse effects that can be caused by vanco

A

ototoxicity
red man syndrome
thrombophlebitis
thrombocytopenia

39
Q

aminoglycosides are ___spectrum antibiotics

A

narrow

40
Q

aminoglycosides are highly ___

A

toxic

41
Q

what two names of aminoglycosides will we see

A

gentamicin
tobramycin

42
Q

aminoglycosides can cause injury to ____ ear & ____

A

inner
kidney

43
Q

not absorbed in the ____ tract

A

GI

44
Q

what are adverse effects of aminoglycosides

A

nephrotoxicity
ototoxicity
hypersensitivity reactions
neuromuscular blockade
blood dyscrasias

45
Q

what drug can aminoglycosides interact with

A

PCN

46
Q

aminoglycosides should either be taken in a ____ large does each day or ___ to ___ smaller doses

A

single
2 to 3

47
Q

peak levels for aminoglycosides must be high enough to ____ bacteria & low enogh to minimize _____

A

kill
toxicity

IM 4 (62 decks)

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