Hypercalcemia Flashcards
what are the causes of hypercal (7)
hyperparathyroidism
increased intake of ca
glucocorticoids usage
hyperthyroidism
ca excretion less
adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s)
Lithium usage (affects parathyroid)
what is the most common cause of hypercal
hyperparathyroidism
why does hyperparathyroidism cause hypercal
causes increased bone release of cal & increased absorption in the intestine & kidney
how do glucocorticoids cause hypercal
increases renal excretion by decreasing ca absorption whihc increases serum PTH & increases bone absorption
what causes calcium excretion
thiazide diuretics & renal failure, bone ca
What other things can cause hypercal
prolonged immobilization
Vit D & Vit A overdose which increases GI absorption of Ca
what are the s/s of hypercal (4)
Weakness of muscles
EKG cahnges
Absent reflexes, “a”bsent minded (disoriented), “a”bdominal distention from constipation
Kidney stone formation
What cardiac changes can occur due to hypercal (2)
inotropic effect on hrt & reduces hrt rate
potentiate dig tox
what arrhythmias can arise from having hypercal (2)
bradycardia
cardiac arrest
what are inotropes
meds that change the force of your hrt’s contraction
There are two types of inotropes, what are they
pos & neg
pos inotropes strengthen the ____ of the heartbeat
force
neg inotropes weaken the ____ of the hrtbeat
force
How will our ecg’s look on our hyper cal pts
Variety of dysrhythmias
What hormone will be increased
PTH
