Hypernatremia Flashcards
what causes hypernat (8)
Hypercortisolism (Cushings, hyperventilation)
Increased Na intake
GI feeding (tube) w/o proper H20 supplements
Hypertonic solutions
Sodium excretion decreased & corticosteroids
Aldosteronism (hyper)
Loss of fluids
Thirst impairment
what are s/s of hypernat (5)
Fever, flushed
Restless, really agitated
Increased fluid retention
Edema, extremely confused
Decreased urine output, dry skin/mouth
Serum osmolality will be over ____ with hypernat
300
how do we treat hypernat (4)
decrease na level gradually
monitor or neuro changes & cerebral edema
hypotonic solution D5W or 0.45% NS
desmopressin
how much should our sodium level decrease when we’re trying to bring it down
0.5 mEq/L/hr over 48 hrs
what pts are @ risk for hypernat
post op
unconscious
elderly
infants
confused
immobile
what nursing interventions should we implement for a pt w/ hypernat (4)
monitor fluid loss/gain through labs & oral Na intake
neuro precuations & behavior changes
offer fluids
note meds w/ increased Na content
