Assessment of Neuro Flashcards
what will be subjective data in the assessment
things pt tells us:
hx
meds
surgery
etc
what will be objective info in the assessment
physical exam
what does the neuro physical exam consist of (5)
mental status
cranial nerve function
motor function
sensory function
reflexes
what will we asses in mental status & speech (6)
confusion/memory problems
LOC
appearance & behavior
speech
cognitive function
constructional ability
what 4 things could we chart about a pts LOC
Alert
Lethargic: sleepy but arousable
Stuporous: arousable w/ difficulty
Comatose: not arousable
what is constructional ability:
affects pts ability to perform simple tasks & use various objects
what will we assess when assessing pts cognitive function (4)
thought content
abstract thinking
judgement
emotional status
what are the 3 areas of memory loss
long-term or remotes memory
recall or recent
immediate or new memory
what is the glascow coma scale
standardized tool used to measure pts neuro status based on opening of eyes, speech, & movemement
what is the worst score on the glasgow coma scale
3
what is the best score on the glasgow coma scale
15
how do we assess sensory function (5)
pain
light touch
vibration
position
discrimination
discrimination assesses the cerebral cortex’s ability to ___ & ___ info
interpret
integrate
assessing motor function will consist of muscle tone in which we assess (4)
ROM arm
ROM leg
observe gait & motor activities
assessing motor function will also assess cerebellar function in which we will look at the (6)
Balance & coordination
gait
romberg’s test
finger to nose test
rapid alternating movement tests
a lumbar puncture requires the pt to be __
relaxed
after a lumbar puncture we will encourage
fluids
we will monitor what in the pt after lumbar puncture (5)
neuro signs
VS
headache instensity
meningel irritation
s/s of local trauma
how long should a pt lay flat for after a lumbar puncture
4-8 hrs
what are the radiology procedures for neuro (9)
skill & spine x-rays
cerebral angiography
CT scan
CT angiography
MRI
MRA
PET
Myelogram
CT scan distinguishes (3)
bone
soft tissue
fluids
what can a CT identify (5)
tumors
infarctions
hemorrhage
hydrocephalus
bone malformations
an MRI can show the (3)
brian
spinal cord
spinal canal
MRI is used to detect (6)
strokes
MS
tumor
trauma
herniation
seizures
an MRA will find characteristics of ___ ____
flowing blood
an MRA will evaluate ___ & ___ blood vessels
intracranial
extracranial
a PET scan will measure metabolic activity of brain to assess cell ___ or ____
death
damage
PET scans are used for pts that have (6)
stroke
AD
seizure
PD
tumors
myelogram is an x-ray of
spinal cord & vertebral column
in a myelogram there is an injection of contrast into __ ____
subarachnoid space
myelogram is used to detect lesions such as (3)
herniated
ruptured disc
spinal tumor
what are evoked potentials
recording of electrical activity associated w/ nerve conduction along sensory pathways
EEG prep
may be sleep deprived
tranqilizers & stimulants with held 24-48 hrs before
coffee
tea
chocolate
cola omitted before test
EMG has needle electrodes inserted into muscle to record specific __ __
motor units
what test is used to diagnose MS
evoked potentials
