Transkription och RNA-processning Flashcards

1
Q

RNA-polymeras

A

Form och funktion – Krabbformad enzymstruktur, öppnar DNA och bygger RNA.

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2
Q

Promotorregion

A

TATA-box, sekvens som känns igen av transkriptionsfaktorer.

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3
Q

mRNA:s 5’-cap

A

Skyddande mössa – Modifierad guanin-nukleotid, ser ut som en “huvudknapp”.

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4
Q

Poly-A-svansen –

A

RNA:s skydd – Upp till 250 adeninrester i slutet, skyddar mot nedbrytning.

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5
Q

Splitsning

A

Introner klipps bort – SnRNPs bildar spliceosom som skär ut introner.

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6
Q

Exon-shuffling

A

lternativ splitsning – Gör att en gen kan skapa flera proteiner.

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7
Q

Ribozym

A

RNA som enzym – RNA kan katalysera reaktioner, viktig i ribosomer.

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8
Q

mRNA-struktur

A

Tunn och flexibel – Lång tråd, ofta veckad i cytoplasman.

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9
Q

tRNA

A

“Liten L-formad molekyl” – Veckad med loopar, 3D-struktur liknar en omvänd L.

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10
Q

Ribosom

A

Proteinfabrik – Stora och lilla subenheten omsluter mRNA som en “smörgås”.

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