Begrepp 6- CRISPR Hur fungerar CRISPR- cas 9? Flashcards

1
Q

CRISPR

A

Sekvenser i bakteriers DNA som lagrar virus-DNA för försvar.

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2
Q

Cas9

A

Ett enzym som klipper DNA vid specifika sekvenser.

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3
Q

Guide-RNA (gRNA)

A

RNA-molekyl som leder Cas9 till rätt DNA-sekvens.

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4
Q

PAM-sekvens

A

Kort DNA-sekvens som Cas9 behöver för att klippa.

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5
Q

Dubbelsträngsbrott (DSB)

A

Skada där båda DNA-strängarna klipps av Cas9.

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6
Q

Icke-homolog sammanfogning (NHEJ)

A

Reparationsmekanism som kan orsaka mutationer.

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7
Q

Homologi-styrd reparation (HDR)

A

Precis DNA-reparation med en mallsekvens.

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8
Q

Knockout-genredigering

A

Inaktivering av en gen genom CRISPR-klippning.

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9
Q

Knock-in-genredigering

A

Införande av en ny DNA-sekvens med HDR.

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10
Q

Base editing

A

CRISPR-metod för att ändra enskilda DNA-baser.

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11
Q

Prime editing

A

Precis genredigering utan dubbelsträngsbrott.

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12
Q

CRISPRi (interferens)

A

Blockerar genuttryck utan att klippa DNA.

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13
Q

CRISPRa (aktivering)

A

Ökar genuttryck utan att ändra DNA-sekvensen.

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14
Q

Etiska frågor kring CRISPR

A

Diskussioner om säkerhet, genmodifiering och lagstiftning.

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15
Q

CRISPR-tillämpningar

A

Används inom medicin, jordbruk och genetisk forskning.

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