transfusion reaction

Question 1

what categories of TR is Febrile non hemolytic tr

a. immediate immunologic
b. immediate non immunologic
c. delayed immunologic
d. delayed non immunologic

Answer 1

Immediate
- immunologic

> IHTR
Febrile non hemolytic TR
Allergic/ Anaphylactic
TRALI

Question 2

what categories of TR is TACO

a. immediate immunologic
b. immediate non immunologic
c. delayed immunologic
d. delayed non immunologic

Answer 2

IMMEDIATE 
 - IMMUNOLOGIC
> IHTR
>Febrile non hemolytic TR
> allergic / anaphylactic
> trali

• non immunologic
  > bacterial contamination
  > TACO

Question 3

what categories of TR is TA-GVHD

a. immediate immunologic
b. immediate non immunologic
c. delayed immunologic
d. delayed non immunologic

Answer 3

DELAYED
 -  IMMUNOLOGIC
 >post transfusion purpura
> TA-GVD
 > DHTR

• NON IMMUNOLOGIC
  > TA- hemosidein
  > disease transmission

Question 4

what reaction can cause Incompatible blood transfused

a. AHTR
b. FNHTR
c. TACO
d. TRALI

Answer 4

AHTR

Cause: Incompatible blood transfused (commonly ABO)

Sign and Symptoms: Fever (most common), chills, flushing, nausea. Dyspnea, chest pain, FALNK PAIN, PAIN AT INFUSION SITE , hypotension, shock, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, DIC , renal failure

Prevention: -Avoid human or clerical error, use a well written procedure manuals, use highly trained clinical and laboratory staff

Question 5

what TR is closely related to platelet storage changes,

a. AHTR
b. FNHTR
c. TACO
d. TRALI

Answer 5

FNHTR

Cause: Anti-leukocyte antibody

-Another mechanism is closely related to platelet storage changes, which involve the production and release of biologically active cytokines by the white cells present in the component during storage

Question 6

what TR is defined as a rise in temperature of 1° C or greater, possibly accompanied by chills rigor

a. AHTR
b. FNHTR
c. TACO
d. TRALI

Answer 6

FNHTR

Sign and Symptoms: A febrile transfusion reaction is defined as RISE IN TEMPERATURE of 1° C or greater, possibly accompanied by CHILLS RIGOR, nausea or vomiting, tachycardia, increase BP, and TACHYPNEA

Prevention and Treatment:

1. Transfuse of LEUKOCYTE REDUCED products to patients who have experienced two or more FNHTR.
2. Administer ANTIPYRETICS to resolve fever
3. MEPERIDINE – to resolve rigor but it must be caused with extreme caution

Question 7

what TR occurs as a response of recipient antibodies to an allergen present in the blood component

a. AHTR
b. FNHTR
c. ALTR
d. TRALI

Answer 7

Allergic/Urticarial transfusion reaction

Cause: ALTR occurs as a response of recipient antibodies to an allergen present in the blood component.

Sign and Symptoms: Hives and wheals, etching, erythema, or pruritus

Prevention and Treatment:

1. Use washed RBC
2. Administer anti-histamine

Question 8

what to transfused in urticatial tr

a. leukocyte reduced
b. leukopoor
c. washed rbc
d. washed platelets

Answer 8

Prevention and Treatment:

1. Use washed RBC
2. Administer anti-histamine

Question 9

what tr is Attributed to IgA deficiency or absolute IgA deficienc in patients who have developed anti-IgA antibodies by sensitization from transfusion or pregnancy

a. anaphylactic tr
b. trali
c. taco
d. altr

Answer 9

anaphylactic / anaphylactoid tr

• IgA deficiency
• deadliest

Question 10

what to transfused in anaphylactic tr

a. leukocyte reduced
b. leukopoor
c. washed rbc
d. washed platelets

Answer 10

Prevention and Treatment:

1. Transfuse washed RBCs or platelets or frozen RBCs and plasma from IgA deficient donors
2. Give epinephrine (usually about 0.5 mL of 1:1000 solution) immediately
3. For severe reactions, corticosteroids or aminophylline, or both, may be indicated

Question 11

it deadliest tr

a. anaphylactic tr
b. trali
c. taco
d. altr

Answer 11

anaphylactic/ anaphylactoid tr
- deadliest

taco
- 2nd most common cause of transfusion related to deaths

Question 12

leading cause of transfusion-associated fatalities, surpassing ABO incompatibility and bacterial contamination

a. anaphylactic tr
b. trali
c. taco
d. altr

Answer 12

TRALI/ non cardiogenic pulmonary edema

leading cause of transfusion-associated fatalities, surpassing ABO incompatibility and bacterial contamination

Question 13

it is cause iatrogenic

a. anaphylactic tr
b. trali
c. taco
d. altr

Answer 13

taco/ transfusion associated with circulatory overload
cause: iatrogenic

Laboratory assay: BNP

Question 14

what tr is cause by anti gla class 1 and anti neutrophil antigen

a. anaphylactic tr
b. trali
c. taco
d. altr

Answer 14

TRALI / Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Cause: Anti-leukocyte antibodies, Anti-HLA class I, and Anti-neutrophil antigen that are present in plasma of the transfused unit.