Topic 5 - vestibular system Flashcards

1
Q

what is the body’s equilibrium

A

state of balance of the body through a variety of sensory inputs and postural reflexes (maintain posture)

done through various sensory inputs
main = inner ear

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2
Q

what is the primary sensory input for equilibrium

A

gravitational forces

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3
Q

what is the differnces between static and kinetic gravitational forces

A

static = when the body is standing still
kinetic = when the body is in motion and may occur in a straight line (linear) or in an angular direction (curvilinear)

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4
Q

what is the relationship between BOS and COP to maintain balance

A

COP must stay within BOS to remain balanced (more central = more stable)
- some sports push the boundary of this (gymnasts/dancers)

  • different sports have different dynamic patterns of postural sway
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5
Q

what does the membranous (otic) labyrinth detect

A

linear motion and gravitational force

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6
Q

what is the membranous labyrinth composed of

A

sacs and ducts within the bony cavities
utricle and saccule
othliths on top of otholithic membrane

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7
Q

what are maculae receptors for

A

static equilibrium
- transduce translational (linear) accelerations acting on the head

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8
Q

what is the bony (periotic) labyrinth composed of

A

interconnected cavities within the temporal bone
semicircular canals

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9
Q

what do the semicircular canals detect

A

rotational acceleration/deceleration

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10
Q

what are the semi circular canals composed of

A

2 vertical canals
1 horizontal canal
- contain endolymph
- end with enlarged area where it opens into the utriculus (ampulla)
- on each ampulla wall = hair cells (cupula)

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11
Q

what is the function of endolymph

A

as endolymph moves, it bends the hair cells in directional response to the kinetic gravitational forces initiated by head mvmt

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12
Q

where are nerve impulses from the vestibular system transmitted and processed

A

vestibular nucleus (brainstem) and cerebellum

forces in concussion can also be transmitted to the brainstem

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13
Q

what does the vestibular nuclei receive / do

A

receive input from eyes and somatic proprioceptors

coordinates info to help control motion of eyes, neck, and limbs

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14
Q

what does the cerebellum receive / do

A

receives input from eyes and somatic proprioceptors

coordinates info to help regulate head position, posture, and balance

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