Topic 5 - Pathogens Flashcards
What is the definition of a pathogen?
An organism which causes disease.
How can pathogens spread?
Through direct contact, by water, or by air.
What are the main types of pathogens?
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Protists
What characterizes viruses?
Very small; they move into cells and use the cell’s biochemistry to make copies.
What happens to cells infected by viruses?
The cell bursts, releasing copies into the bloodstream, causing damage and illness.
What are bacteria known for producing?
Toxins that can damage cells.
How do bacteria reproduce?
By a process called binary fission.
What is a characteristic structure of fungi?
They can be single-celled or have a body made of hyphae (thread-like structures).
How do fungi spread?
By producing spores which can be spread to other organisms.
What are protists known for?
Some are parasitic, using humans and animals as their hosts.
True or False: All pathogens are harmful to humans.
True.
Fill in the blank: _______ are organisms that cause disease.
[pathogens]
