Topic 3 - The Stages Of Protein Synthesis Flashcards
What does each group of three bases in DNA code for?
An amino acid
What determines the type of protein produced?
The different types and order of amino acids
What is the process of producing a protein from DNA called?
Protein synthesis
What happens if a gene is coded to make a protein?
It has been expressed
Why can’t DNA move out of the nucleus?
It is too big
What is created when mRNA nucleotides are joined together?
An mRNA strand
What enzyme binds to non-coding DNA in front of a gene?
RNA polymerase
What occurs when the two strands of DNA pull apart?
RNA polymerase allows mRNA nucleotides to match with their complementary bases
Where does mRNA move after being synthesized?
To the cytoplasm and onto ribosomes
How are bases on the mRNA read at the ribosomes?
In threes (triplets)
What do the triplets of bases on mRNA code for?
An amino acid
What are the carrier molecules that bring amino acids to the ribosomes called?
tRNAs (transport RNAs)
What is formed when amino acids connect together?
A polypeptide
What links amino acids together in a polypeptide?
Peptide bonds
What happens to the polypeptide chain once it is complete?
It folds to form a unique 3D structure
