Topic 3: CNS

Question 1

What is part of the cns

Answer 1

Brain and soinal cord where afferent sensory is processed and information relayed by efferent

Question 2

What are the 2 sides which are identifcal in shape called

Answer 2

Hemispheres

Question 3

What does the left hemisphere control

Answer 3

Language, logic, numbers

And sensory and motor coordination on right side of body

Question 4

What does right hemisphere do

Answer 4

Imagination, creativity, rhythm

and sensory snd motor to left side of body

Question 5

What joins the 2 hemispheres

Answer 5

Neural bridge called corpus callosum

Question 6

what components are in the forebrain

Answer 6

Cerebral cortex/cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 7

What is the function of the thalamus in forebrain

Answer 7

Where all inputs to cerebrum supqnse before ascending to cerebrum. Thalamus is posterior to cerebrum

Question 8

What does the hypothalamus do

Answer 8

Direct Homeostasis of bp, trmp, fluid levels, body weight.

Indirect inputs on hr, Vasoconstriction, figestion snd sweating from ans

Mediate pituitsry gland hormone releases

Question 9

Whst is the cerebral cortex

Answer 9

Small amount of hrey matter / cell bodies on surface of hemispheres

Question 10

What increases sa of grey matter/ cerebrum because only small amount most is white matter

Answer 10

Foldings

Question 11

What are the 6 functions of the cerebral cortex in forebrain

Answer 11

Intelligence 
Personality 
Sensory processing 
Motor function
Organisation and planning 
Touch perception

Question 12

What is in the hindbrain

Answer 12

Cerebellum (small ball attsched to brain)
Pons
Medulla

Question 13

From top to bottom what forms the brain stem

Answer 13

Mid brain

Pons

Medulla ar bottom

Question 14

What runs through brain stem for consciousness

Answer 14

Reticular formation structures

Question 15

What does midbrain do

Answer 15

Controls hugher functions like eye and auditory system

Question 16

What is medulla for

Answer 16

Basic functions like breathing and hr

Question 17

What is pons for

Answer 17

Comscousness and posture

Question 18

Where does cerebellum sit

Answer 18

Posterior to the brain stem

Question 19

Explain the structure of cerebellum

Answer 19

Folded tissue connected by 3 peduncles (bands of neurones)

Question 20

What is the major role of cerebellum

Answer 20

Received sensory inputs ascending and also motor from cerebral cortex and modifies the info

Motor function and learning eg riding a bike. It stores the info too

Controls posture

Question 21

What does cerebellum do with the sensiry and motor inputs descending frim cerebrum

Answer 21

Modifies it to be appropriate and also posture controlling

Question 22

What are sulci

Answer 22

Infoldings of the brain which mark lobe boundaries

Question 23

What is the major sulcus

Answer 23

Central sulcus in middle of brain between pre and post central gyrus

Question 24

What are gyri

Answer 24

The sticky out bits in between sulci with sreas of grey matter

Question 25

What sre the 2 major gyri

Answer 25

Post central gyrus / somatosensory cortex Pre central gyrus / motor cortex

Question 26

Explain thr brain left to right

Answer 26

Frontal lobe with pre central gyrus ``` Central sulcus Temporal libe below Parietal lobe and post central gyrus Occiptal wt the back Below cerebellum ```

Question 27

Which hemisphere holds touch perception

Answer 27

Both

Question 28

What is the function of the frontal lobe

Answer 28

Movement , decision making, planning, problem solving

Question 29

What is pre central gyrus for

Answer 29

Voluntary motor movement

Question 30

What is parietal libe for (somatosensory cortex)

Answer 30

Recovers and processes snesory info (somatosensory cortex)

Question 31

What type of sensory info does somatosensory cortex detect

Answer 31

Touch, pain, temp , pressure

Question 32

What processing does occipital do

Answer 32

Visual

Question 33

Where does cisual info get further pricessed

Answer 33

Parietal and temporal

Question 34

What types of things is temporal for

Answer 34

Memory, emotion, hearing and language

Question 35

What is confained in the temporal lobe

Answer 35

Amygdala, hippocampus, olfsctory

Question 36

What separates cns from body

Answer 36

Meninges tissues

Question 37

What are rhe 3 lauers of meninges

Answer 37

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

Question 38

What id the fluid in menunges covering cns

Answer 38

Csf

Question 39

Wht epithelial cells produce csf

Answer 39

Chorid plexus

Question 40

Where do choroid plexus line

Answer 40

Cavities in brain called ventricles

Question 41

What is csf

Answer 41

Blood plasma lower in proteins, ions and cells.

Question 42

What ions hugher in csf than plasma due to at

Answer 42

Na mg cl

Question 43

What does csf circulste thrkugh brain through before exiting to surfsce of brain within meninges

Answer 43

The ventricles of the brain

Question 44

Where is csf reabsorbed

Answer 44

Arachoid granules

Question 45

What joins ventricles in brain

Answer 45

Aqueduct passages allowing csf circulation

Question 46

Where does csf in ventrciles go to cover the spinal cord

Answer 46

Central canal

Question 47

What happens to info going to the cerebral cortex first in thalamus

Answer 47

Synapses here (posterior/ caudal to it)

Question 48

What does hypothalamus control directly in homeostasis

Answer 48

Body temp, weight, fluid electrolyte balance, blood pressure

Question 49

How can it control ans features like vasoconstriction, digestion etc

Answer 49

Receives inputs from medulla

Question 50

How are most functions achieved by hypothalamus

Answer 50

Stimulation of pituitary gland

Question 51

What is the cerebral cortex

Answer 51

The outer layer of the cerebrum hemisphere made of grey matter, folded to increase its sa of cell bodies (more white matter than grey)

Question 52

Is the gyri grey matter functional

Answer 52

Yes

Question 53

In the medial view of the brain / cut in half what is the lobe under the frontal lobe

Answer 53

Limbic lobe

Question 54

What is it above

Answer 54

The corpus callosum

Question 55

How does csf return back to venous blood

Answer 55

Through arachnoid granulations

Question 56

What do ventricles and their aqueducts allow

Answer 56

Passage of csf to surface of brain in meninges and also to sc through central canal

Question 57

Which ions does csf have more of than plasma due to active transport

Answer 57

Cl, na and mg

Question 58

What are the nerves below L1 in adults covered in csf and meninges called

Answer 58

Cauda equina | For lumbar puncture sampling