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Human Anatomy > Topic 3: CNS > Flashcards

Topic 3: CNS Flashcards

1
Q

What is part of the cns

A

Brain and soinal cord where afferent sensory is processed and information relayed by efferent

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2
Q

What are the 2 sides which are identifcal in shape called

A

Hemispheres

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3
Q

What does the left hemisphere control

A

Language, logic, numbers

And sensory and motor coordination on right side of body

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4
Q

What does right hemisphere do

A

Imagination, creativity, rhythm

and sensory snd motor to left side of body

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5
Q

What joins the 2 hemispheres

A

Neural bridge called corpus callosum

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6
Q

what components are in the forebrain

A

Cerebral cortex/cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

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7
Q

What is the function of the thalamus in forebrain

A

Where all inputs to cerebrum supqnse before ascending to cerebrum. Thalamus is posterior to cerebrum

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8
Q

What does the hypothalamus do

A

Direct Homeostasis of bp, trmp, fluid levels, body weight.

Indirect inputs on hr, Vasoconstriction, figestion snd sweating from ans

Mediate pituitsry gland hormone releases

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9
Q

Whst is the cerebral cortex

A

Small amount of hrey matter / cell bodies on surface of hemispheres

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10
Q

What increases sa of grey matter/ cerebrum because only small amount most is white matter

A

Foldings

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11
Q

What are the 6 functions of the cerebral cortex in forebrain

A 
Intelligence 
Personality 
Sensory processing 
Motor function
Organisation and planning 
Touch perception
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12
Q

What is in the hindbrain

A

Cerebellum (small ball attsched to brain)
Pons
Medulla

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13
Q

From top to bottom what forms the brain stem

A

Mid brain

Pons

Medulla ar bottom

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14
Q

What runs through brain stem for consciousness

A

Reticular formation structures

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15
Q

What does midbrain do

A

Controls hugher functions like eye and auditory system

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16
Q

What is medulla for

A

Basic functions like breathing and hr

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17
Q

What is pons for

A

Comscousness and posture

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18
Q

Where does cerebellum sit

A

Posterior to the brain stem

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19
Q

Explain the structure of cerebellum

A

Folded tissue connected by 3 peduncles (bands of neurones)

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20
Q

What is the major role of cerebellum

A

Received sensory inputs ascending and also motor from cerebral cortex and modifies the info

Motor function and learning eg riding a bike. It stores the info too

Controls posture

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21
Q

What does cerebellum do with the sensiry and motor inputs descending frim cerebrum

A

Modifies it to be appropriate and also posture controlling

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22
Q

What are sulci

A

Infoldings of the brain which mark lobe boundaries

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23
Q

What is the major sulcus

A

Central sulcus in middle of brain between pre and post central gyrus

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24
Q

What are gyri

A

The sticky out bits in between sulci with sreas of grey matter

25
Q

What sre the 2 major gyri

A

Post central gyrus / somatosensory cortex

Pre central gyrus / motor cortex

26
Q

Explain thr brain left to right

A

Frontal lobe with pre central gyrus

Central sulcus
Temporal libe below 
Parietal lobe and post central gyrus 
Occiptal wt the back 
Below cerebellum
27
Q

Which hemisphere holds touch perception

A

Both

28
Q

What is the function of the frontal lobe

A

Movement , decision making, planning, problem solving

29
Q

What is pre central gyrus for

A

Voluntary motor movement

30
Q

What is parietal libe for (somatosensory cortex)

A

Recovers and processes snesory info (somatosensory cortex)

31
Q

What type of sensory info does somatosensory cortex detect

A

Touch, pain, temp , pressure

32
Q

What processing does occipital do

A

Visual

33
Q

Where does cisual info get further pricessed

A

Parietal and temporal

34
Q

What types of things is temporal for

A

Memory, emotion, hearing and language

35
Q

What is confained in the temporal lobe

A

Amygdala, hippocampus, olfsctory

36
Q

What separates cns from body

A

Meninges tissues

37
Q

What are rhe 3 lauers of meninges

A

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

38
Q

What id the fluid in menunges covering cns

A

Csf

39
Q

Wht epithelial cells produce csf

A

Chorid plexus

40
Q

Where do choroid plexus line

A

Cavities in brain called ventricles

41
Q

What is csf

A

Blood plasma lower in proteins, ions and cells.

42
Q

What ions hugher in csf than plasma due to at

A

Na mg cl

43
Q

What does csf circulste thrkugh brain through before exiting to surfsce of brain within meninges

A

The ventricles of the brain

44
Q

Where is csf reabsorbed

A

Arachoid granules

45
Q

What joins ventricles in brain

A

Aqueduct passages allowing csf circulation

46
Q

Where does csf in ventrciles go to cover the spinal cord

A

Central canal

47
Q

What happens to info going to the cerebral cortex first in thalamus

A

Synapses here (posterior/ caudal to it)

48
Q

What does hypothalamus control directly in homeostasis

A

Body temp, weight, fluid electrolyte balance, blood pressure

49
Q

How can it control ans features like vasoconstriction, digestion etc

A

Receives inputs from medulla

50
Q

How are most functions achieved by hypothalamus

A

Stimulation of pituitary gland

51
Q

What is the cerebral cortex

A

The outer layer of the cerebrum hemisphere made of grey matter, folded to increase its sa of cell bodies (more white matter than grey)

52
Q

Is the gyri grey matter functional

A

Yes

53
Q

In the medial view of the brain / cut in half what is the lobe under the frontal lobe

A

Limbic lobe

54
Q

What is it above

A

The corpus callosum

55
Q

How does csf return back to venous blood

A

Through arachnoid granulations

56
Q

What do ventricles and their aqueducts allow

A

Passage of csf to surface of brain in meninges and also to sc through central canal

57
Q

Which ions does csf have more of than plasma due to active transport

A

Cl, na and mg

58
Q

What are the nerves below L1 in adults covered in csf and meninges called

A

Cauda equina

For lumbar puncture sampling

Human Anatomy (15 decks)

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