Bone/skeleton Flashcards
What are the 4 functions of skeleton
Protects organs
Mechanical basis for movement
Forms cells like erythrocytes and b cells from bone marrow (haemopoesis)
Stores salt in bones
What are the 2 types of bone
Cancellous spongy bone (ends for movement, air spaces) Compact bone (strength)
What is within compact bone
Marrow cavity
What is the boundary between cancellous on ends and compact in middle
Epiphyseal plate
How does cartilage get o2 and nutriwnts bc no blood supply
Diffusion
What are the 3 types of cartilage
Hyaline
Fibro (strongest)
Elastic
Where is hyaline found
Articular joints, trachea rings
Where is fibro found
Articular discs, intervertebral discs, sockets
Where is elastic found
Ear, epiglottis, larynx
What is osteoporosis
Ageing disease where bone mass and strength reduces , causes fractures etc
How is bone reformed after fractures
The blood vessels rupture and the clot gets calcified into a callus. A callus can join broken bone
What happens when theres a fracture in the femur neck
Needs hip replacement due to lack of blood supply to form a callus
How is osteomalacia different
Forms soft bone due to vitamin d deficiency
There is also a change in calcification, which doesjr happen in osteoporosis
What is the bone called holding bottom teeth
Mandible
What is the collar bone called
Clavicle
